Classically, Hemiptera is comprised of two suborders: Homoptera and Heteroptera. Homoptera includes Cicadomorpha, Fulgoromorpha and Sternorrhyncha. However, according to previous molecular phylogenetic studies based on 18S rDNA, Fulgoromorpha has a closer relationship to Heteroptera than to other hemipterans, leaving Homoptera as paraphyletic. Therefore, the position of Fulgoromorpha is importa...

IN THEIR TREATMENTS of the green algae in Engler and Prantl's "Die N ariirlichen Pflanzenfamilien," Wille (1 911 : 119 ) and Printz (1927 : 282) consider 'Spongocladia Areschoug (1853 ) as a genus of questionable merit. This belief was founded upon the observation of Weber-van Bosse (1890) that examples of Struvea delicatu la which lived in association with the sponge Halichondria bore a great ...

Detection of living microalgae cells is very important for ballast water treatment and analysis. Chlorophyll fluorescence is an indicator of photosynthetic activity and hence the living status of plant cells. In this paper, we developed a novel microfluidic biosensor system that can quickly and accurately detect the viability of single microalgae cells based on chlorophyll fluorescence. The sys...

Fish Protein Concentrate (FPC) is a healthy, sustainable and high nutritive product that produced from fish and protein and other nutrients are more concentrated than in the fresh fish. The aim of this research is to study the sustainability of FPC produced from Kilka (combination of three Caspian Sea Kilka species, Clupeonella engrauliformis, C. grimmi and C. cultriventris which were not ident...

In current study, protein hydrolysates were produced using microbial proteases of Alcalase, Protamex and Flavourzyme from by-products (head, skin and viscera) of Alosa (Alosa caspia), a major Clupeonella species in the Caspian Sea. The results indicated that the protein hydrolysate from Alcalase, had the highest protein content (78.91%), protein recovery (80.42%) and degree of hydrolysis (21.06...

Introduction: Selaginella species have been used widely for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, diabetes and cancer. In this study, the contents of the total flavonoids and amentoflavone in five Selaginella plant drugs [Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron. (SM), Selaginella delicatula (Desv.) Alston (SD), Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring (SU), Selaginella heterostachys Baker (SH) and Selag...

The spotted lanternfly is an invasive pest for which we lack individual movement data due in part to the difficulty posed by identification. We developed a computer‐aided method identify adult using wing spot patterns from photos processed software I3S and demonstrated method’s accuracy with lab field validations. Based on 176 individuals lab, showed that digitizing spots of one allowed 100% re...