purpose: to evaluate the role of transvitreal optic neurotomy (ton) in the management of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neurotomy (naion). methods: sixteen eyes of 16 patients with recent onset naion (less than six weeks duration) were included in this single-masked randomized controlled trial. the patients were randomized to ton (8 eyes) versus observation alone (8 eyes). pre- and posto...

The study examined symmetrical bimanual coordination of children with spastic hemiparetic cerebral palsy (SHCP) and a typically developing (TD) control group under conditions of visual feedback created by placing a glass screen, opaque screen or a mirror ("mirror box") between the arms. The "mirror box" creates a visual illusion, which gives rise to a visual perception of a zero lag, symmetric ...

BACKGROUND The use of rest surface EMG of jaw elevator muscles is still debated. The low voltage recorded in anterior temporalis muscle by electromyography (EMG) in rest position could be affected by electronic noise or by activity coming from other muscles. Our goal was to evaluate the physiological behaviour of the anterior temporalis by surface EMG at rest mandible position during open or cl...

The control of upper body (UB) orientation relative to the pelvis in the frontal plane was characterized in bilateral vestibular loss subjects (BVLs) and compared with healthy control subjects (Cs). UB responses to external perturbations were evoked using continuous pelvis tilts (eyes open and eyes closed) at various amplitudes. Lateral sway of the lower body was prevented on all tests. UB sway...

purpose: to determine the incidence, concurrent factors and clinical results of re-operation after corneal refractive surgeries. methods: in this retrospective descriptive study records of all patients undergoing corneal refractive surgeries including prk, lasik, and lasek between april 2005 and december 2006 were assessed. patients who had undergone re-operations entered the study; visual acui...

30 Explicit visual feedback on postural sway is often used in balance assessment and training. However, up31 weighting of visual information may mask impairments of other sensory systems. We therefore aimed to 32 determine whether the effects of somatosensory, vestibular and proprioceptive manipulations on 33 mediolateral balance are reduced by explicit visual feedback on mediolateral sway of t...

Motor learning tasks are often classified into adaptation tasks, which involve the recalibration of an existing control policy (the mapping that determines both feedforward and feedback commands), and skill-learning tasks, requiring the acquisition of new control policies. We show here that this distinction also applies to two different visuomotor transformations during reaching in humans: Mirr...

background the somatotype may influence the balance control ability. the quality of balance performance is an important factor to prevent injuries during sport activities. objectives the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of somatotype on the static and dynamic balance indices as well as falling risk index. patients and methods a total of 141 university student healthy young...

BACKGROUND Creating the visual illusion of touch can improve tactile perception in healthy subjects. OBJECTIVE We were interested in seeing if creating the illusion of touch in an insensate area could improve sensation in that area. METHODS Fourteen people with chronic numbness participated in a randomized crossover experiment. The 4 conditions were the following: (a) stimulation over the u...