Since 1999, introduced Trachemys scripta elegans from artificial and natural water bodies in the Po plain (North Italy) were bacteriologically screened. From 2001 onwards, a survey of Emys orbicularis was started in the same area. 15 carcasses and 349 cloacal swabs from T. s. elegans, and 100 cloacal swabs from E. orbicularis have been studied. Most samples yielded positive bacteriological resu...

the arnold-chiari malformation is a congenital abnormality of cns, characterized by downward displacement the parts of the cerebellum, fourth ventricle, pons and medulla oblongata into the spinal canal. this malformation is one of causative factor of death in neonates and infants. a thorough understanding of the direct and indirect sonographic findings is necessary for diagnosis of chiari ii ma...

BACKGROUND Studies on transmission of Enterococcus faecalis among chickens during hatch have not been carried out so far. Information about vertical transmission and subsequent spreading and colonization of the cloacal mucosa through cloacal 'drinking' during hatch are important to understand the epidemiology of E. faecalis infections. In the present investigation vertical transmission and subs...

PURPOSE Total and partial urogenital mobilization procedures are the most common contemporary vaginoplasty surgeries for patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, urogenital sinus and cloacal anomalies. There is controversy regarding the urinary continence outcomes of these procedures. We reviewed the urinary continence outcomes of children who underwent total or partial urogenital mobiliza...

Background: Chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) is raised for its highly nutritional and relatively expensive meat. Aims: This study evaluates selected lymphoid organs of juvenile and peripubertal Chukar partridges using a histomorphometric approach. Methods: Thirty one-day-old male and female Chukar partridges were included in the stu...

BACKGROUND Congenital diseases of the urinary tract are frequently observed in infants. Such diseases present a number of developmental anomalies such as hydroureter and hydronephrosis. Although some genetically-modified mouse models of growth factor signaling genes reproduce urinary phenotypes, the pathogenic mechanisms remain obscure. Previous studies suggest that a portion of the cells in th...