Coastal flood hazard varies in response to changes in storm surge climatology and the sea level. Here we combine probabilistic projections of the sea level and storm surge climatology to estimate the temporal evolution of flood hazard. We find that New York City's flood hazard has increased significantly over the past two centuries and is very likely to increase more sharply over the 21st centu...

Tornado reports are locally rare, often clustered, and of variable quality making it difficult to use them directly to describe regional tornado climatology. Here a statistical model is demonstrated that overcomes some of these difficulties and produces a smoothed regional-scale climatology of tornado occurrences. The model is applied to data aggregated at the level of counties. These data incl...

A “ship of opportunity” program was launched as part of the Mediterranean Forecasting System Pilot Project. During the operational period (September 1999 to May 2000), six tracks covered the Mediterranean from the northern to southern boundaries approximately every 15 days, while a long eastwest track from Haifa to Gibraltar was covered approximately every month. XBT data were collected, sub-sa...

The study demonstrates that an incompatibility between a surface temperature climatology and a given ocean model, into which the climatology is assimilated via Haney restoration, can cause model ocean climate drift and interdecadal oscillations when the ocean is switched to a weaker restoration. This is made using an idealized Atlantic Ocean model driven by thermal and wind forcing only. Initia...

Odin stratospheric proxy NOy measurements and climatology S. Brohede, C. A. McLinden, J. Urban, C. S. Haley, A. I. Jonsson, and D. Murtagh Department of Radio and Space Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science, York University, 4700 Keele Stree...

[1] Satellite-derived climatologies of UV index (UVI) and erythemal daily dose were determined for Argentina at a geographical resolution of 0.5 latitude by 0.5 longitude. Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer climatology of key input parameters was used to calculate the clear-sky ground-level solar UV irradiance. NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy cloud cover data were used to determine the ...

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I Introduction By linking climatic variations with the fundamental biological requirement of water availability , drought is a primary topic within applied climatology. Drought acts as a unifying climatological approach that provides valuable information for agricultural, ecological, and hydrological applications. While a lack of water is straightforward to comprehend and appreciate, a wide arr...

A new and relatively straightforward approach to interpolating and spatially averaging air temperature from weather-station observations is introduced and evaluated using yearly station averages taken from the Jones et al. archive. All available terrestrial station records over the period from 1881 through to 1988 are examined. Called climatologically aided interpolation, or CAI, our procedure ...