BACKGROUND In this study, the authors investigated changes in Bispectral Index (BIS) values and plasma propofol concentrations (Cp) after aortic cross clamping in the descending thoracic aortic aneurysm repair surgery during propofol anesthesia. METHODS Prospectively, in 10 patients undergoing thoracic aortic surgery during total intravenous anesthesia with propofol, BIS values were recorded ...

We present the tip and friction forces acting on a needle during penetration into a canine prostate, independently measured by a 7-axis load cell newly developed for this purpose. This experimental apparatus clarifies the mechanics of needle penetration, potentially improving the development of surgical simulations. The behavior of both tip and friction forces can be used to determine the mecha...

BACKGROUND This retrospective study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of intermittent portal triad clamping (PTC) with low central venous pressure (CVP) in liver resections. METHODS Between January 2007 and August 2013, 115 patients underwent liver resection with intermittent PTC. The patients' data were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS There were 58 males and 57 females ...

Walking machines are mechanical systems that undergo impacts and changes in dynamic equations and can be viewed as a subclass of hybrid systems. In this work we focus on a class of planar mechanisms that can locomote through plastic impacts and clamping. This setting retains enough structure to investigate discrete phenomena in locomotion. We use a geometric framework to describe smooth phenome...

BACKGROUND Optimal timing for clamping of the umbilical cord at birth is unclear. Early clamping allows for immediate resuscitation of the newborn. Delaying clamping may facilitate transfusion of blood between the placenta and the baby. OBJECTIVES To delineate the short- and long-term effects for infants born at less than 37 completed weeks' gestation, and their mothers, of early compared to ...

BACKGROUND Perioperative blood loss is still an unsolved problem in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The efficacy of the preoperative use of tranexamic acid (TXA) plus drain-clamping to reduce blood loss in TKA has been debated. This meta-analysis aimed to illustrate the efficacy of TXA plus drain-clamping to reduce blood loss in patients who underwent a TKA. METHODS In February 2017, a systema...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Infrarenal aortic cross-clamping is associated to cardiovascular effects. This study aimed at analyzing the effects of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane on cardiovascular function of dogs following infrarenal aortic cross-clamping. METHODS Thirty mongrel dogs were randomly divided in three groups, according to equipotent (0.75 MAC) inhaled anesthetic doses: GH (n...

BACKGROUND As measurement of arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) is common in the delivery room, target SpO2 ranges allow clinicians to titrate oxygen therapy for preterm infants in order to achieve saturation levels similar to those seen in normal term infants in the first minutes of life. However, the influence of the onset of ventilation and the timing of cord clamping on systemic and cerebral...

BACKGROUND Vascular occlusion is used to reduce blood loss during liver resection surgery. There is considerable controversy regarding whether vascular occlusion should be used or not during elective liver resections. The method of vascular occlusion employed is also controversial. There is also considerable debate on the role of ischaemic preconditioning before vascular occlusion. OBJECTIVES...

PURPOSE To evaluate glomerular injury in the rat model during renal warm ischemia (WI), comparing artery and vein (AV) clamping with artery only (AO) clamping. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four adult male rats underwent 60 minutes of renal WI in the left kidney. The animals were divided into three groups: AV clamping, AO clamping, and Sham surgery. After 30 days, the animals were euthanized, ...