Strains of the plant-pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri are differentiated into two groups with respect to aggressiveness (normal and weak) on Citrus grandis cultivars but not on other Citrus species such as Citrus sinensis. Random mutagenesis using the transposon Tn5 in X. axonopodis pv. citri strain KC21, which showed weak aggressiveness on a C. grandis cultivar, was used t...

Many Xanthomonas bacteria use transcription activator-like effector (TALE) proteins to activate plant disease susceptibility (S) genes, and this activation contributes to disease. We recently reported that rice basal transcription factor IIA gamma subunit, OsTFIIAγ5, is hijacked by TALE-carrying Xanthomonas oryzae infecting the plants. However, whether TFIIAγs are also involved in TALE-carrying...

In this paper, copper (II) citrate Cu3(C6H5O7)2 was successfully synthesised in an aqueous solution. The factors for the synthesis process such as temperature and molar ratio of reactants were investigated. structural, properties composition characteristics elements investigated evaluated by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive (EDX)...