The bending of cilia and flagella is driven by forces generated by dynein motor proteins. These forces slide adjacent microtubule doublets within the axoneme, the motile cytoskeletal structure. To create regular, oscillatory beating patterns, the activities of the axonemal dyneins must be coordinated both spatially and temporally. It is thought that coordination is mediated by stresses or strai...

This presentation looks at two statistics that can be used in developing new tests of discordancy in circular samples from von Mises distribution. We derive the approximate distributions for both statistics. Consequently, an alternative test of discordancy is proposed based on the circular distance between sample points. The advantage of the test is that it allows users to detect any possible o...

in river meandering, when flow passes through a bend, reduction of flow velocity and rising hydrostatic pressure cause super elevation phenomena at outer side and reduction of water surface at inner-side of the bend. a helical motion results, causing erosion of the outer side of the bend. installation of submerged vanes on the stream bed can reduce erosion of the outer bank significantly. in th...

In this paper we discuss the stability of a uniform Fréedericksz configuration in highly anisotropic thin nematic films. We show that the Fréedericksz transition in a bend geometry is at least two-dimensional, and it occurs at field strengths lower than the known classical threshold.

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com on PTEs and Stein-type estimators for various linear models. In statistical inference, the use of prior information on other parameters in a statistical model, usually leads to improved inference on the parameter of interest. Prior information may he (i) known and deterministic which is then incorporated into the model in the form of constraints on ...

Linker DNA, which connects between nucleosomes in chromatin, is short and, therefore, may be essentially straight and inflexible. We have carried out hydrodynamic and electron microscopic studies of dinucleosomes--fragments of chromatin containing just two nucleosomes--to test the ability of linker DNA to bend. We find that ionic conditions that stabilize the folding of long chromatin cause lin...