Shigella is a genus of highly adapted bacterial pathogens that cause bacillary dysentery in humans. Bacteria reaching the colon invade intestinal epithelial cells by a process of bacterial-directed endocytosis mediated by the Ipa proteins: IpaB, IpaC, and IpaD of Shigella. The invasion of epithelial cells is thought to be a receptor-mediated phenomenon, although the cellular components of the h...

We studied the effects of the glycemic index (GI) of preexercise meals on metabolism and performance when carbohydrate (CHO) was ingested throughout exercise. Six well-trained cyclists performed three counterbalanced trials of 2-h cycling at approximately 70% of maximal oxygen uptake, followed by a performance ride of 300 kJ. Meals consumed 2 h before exercise consisted of 2 g CHO/kg body mass ...

This investigation examined the anabolic-hormone response to carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation at rest and after resistance exercise. Nine recreationally trained men randomly underwent 4 testing conditions: rest with placebo (RPL), rest with CHO (RCHO), resistance exercise with placebo (EPL), and resistance exercise with CHO (ECHO). The resistance-exercise protocol was four sets of Smith machi...

Generalized peroxisome-deficient disorders including cerebro-hepato-renal Zellweger syndrome, neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy, and infantile Refsum disease are autosomal recessive diseases, where catalase-containing particles (peroxisomes) are morphologically absent. We previously isolated two Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell mutants (Z24 and Z65) that resemble the fibroblasts from patients with ...

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors are increasingly used in combination with radiotherapy in the treatment of various EGFR-overexpressing cancers. However, little is known about the effects of cell cycle status on EGFR inhibitor-mediated radiosensitization. Using EGFR-overexpressing A431 and UMSCC-1 cells in culture, we found that radiation activated the EGFR and extracellular s...

The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) glycoprotein B (gB) (also known as gpUL55) homolog is an important mediator of virus entry and cell-to-cell dissemination of infection. To examine the potential ligand-binding properties of gB, a soluble form of gB (gB-S) was radiolabeled, purified, and tested in cell-binding experiments. Binding of gB-S to human fibroblast cells was found to occur in a dose-dep...

Two new species of Gabrius Stephens from the Korean Peninsula are described: Gabrius koreanus (S-Korea) and G. makranczyi (N- and S-Korea). Gabrius ponghwaricus Pasnik, 2000 is synonymized with G. ancoripenis Cho & Lee, 1997. New records: Gabrius mandschuricus Bernhauer, 1914 (S-Korea), G. philomimus Schillhammer, 2000 (Korean Peninsula).

Yoonju Cho, J. C. Craig, S. S. Hsiao, and S. J. Bensmaia Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana; and Departmen...

Despite extensive study, the G protein coupling of dopamine D3 receptors is poorly understood. In this study, we used guanosine59-O-(3-[S]thio)-triphosphate ([S]-GTPgS) binding to investigate the activation of G proteins coupled to human (h) D3 receptors stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Although the receptor expression level was high (15 pmol/mg), dopamine only stimulated ...

This thesis is divided into three parts , united by the theme of the development of selective inhibitors of mammalian cell DNA polymerase delta (pol S). The first part consists of an investigation of the cytotoxic mechanism(s) of certain 2-substituted adenine analogs , selected on the basis of their inhibitory properties towards DNA polymerase alpha (pol a) and mammalian cell DNA synthesis. The...