Field experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three varieties of rice. Rice samples were exposed to sulfur dioxide at different concentrations inside fumigation chamber. After measurement rice canopy reflectance spectrum, leaves of rice canopy were sampled to analyze physiological characteristic. The investigation mainly focuses on four parts. (1) SO2 concentration was significantly...

Scotland’s new Curriculum for Excellence (CfE) has been widely acknowledged as the most significant educational development in a generation, with the potential to transform learning and teaching in Scottish schools. In common with recent developments elsewhere, CfE seeks to re-engage teachers with processes of curriculum development, to place learning at the heart of the curriculum and to chang...

Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis of unheated, detergent-solubilized thylakoid membranes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii gives two chlorophyll-protein complexes. Chlorophyll-protein complex I (CP I) is the blue-green in color and can be dissociated by heat into "free" chlorophyll and a constituent polypeptide (polypeptide 2; mol wt 66,000). Similar experiments with spinach and Chinese cab...

introduction: dna extraction methods are very important for genetics research and diagnostic tests. in these methods are also important for detecting genetic diseases or in cancers for investigating genetic changes during cancer progression or treatment. therefore, selection of the best method for dna extraction from different samples such as bone marrow (bm) or peripheral blood (pb) and their ...

Lipid extraction from biological samples is a critical and often tedious preanalytical step in lipid research. Primarily on the basis of automation criteria, we have developed the BUME method, a novel chloroform-free total lipid extraction method for blood plasma compatible with standard 96-well robots. In only 60 min, 96 samples can be automatically extracted with lipid profiles of commonly an...

Successful DNA extraction is indispensable for molecular methods based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR); however, goat sperm DNA extraction is limited. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate three methods to extract DNA from goat sperm for use in PCR. Eight goat semen pools were used for DNA extraction by using the DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit, phenol-chloroform, and Chelex-100 methods. DNA...

Bligh and Dyer (B & D) or Folch procedures for the extraction and separation of lipids from microorganisms and biological tissues using chloroform/methanol/water have been used tens of thousands of times and are "gold standards" for the analysis of extracted lipids. Based on the Conductor-like Screening MOdel for realistic Solvatation (COSMO-RS), we select ethanol and ethyl acetate as being...

1. Soluble ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) activity is released when rat liver submitochondrial particles are shaken with chloroform, provided that ATP or glycerol is present in the suspending medium. The extraction is very rapid and appears to be complete. 2. The ATPase of the chloroform extract is about 50% pure and can be readily purified to a specific activity of 60-70mumol/min per mg of ...