introduction: hearing impairment is the most frequent sensorial congenital defect in newborns and has increased to 2–4 cases per 1,000 live births. sensory-neural hearing loss (snhl) accounts for more than 90% of all hearing loss. this disorder is associated with other congenital disorders such as renal, skeletal, ocular, and cardiac disorders. given that congenital heart diseases are life-thre...

Bacterial meningitis, particularly that resulting from Streptococcus pneumoniae, is a common cause of acquired profound sensorineural deafness in children. The pathogenesis of meningogenic hearing loss has been investigated in an experimental rabbit model. In this study significant deafness was documented within the first 15 hours of infection. Initiation of antibiotic therapy at this time dimi...

Building on recent work by Rosenzweig (1999), this paper re-examines the effect of AFDC benefits on early non-marital childbearing. Unlike most previous work in this area, Rosenzweig finds a statistically significant and quantitatively large positive effect of AFDC benefits. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we replicate Rosenzweig’s analysis and explore the reasons his findin...

This research seeks to reevaluate the relationship between AFDC and fertility by focusing on births to women through the age of twenty-three using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY). Using discrete time hazard models, I examine the impact of AFDC on births directly associated with AFDC, on out-of-wedlock births, and on all births. I also examine the importance of AFDC on...

Introduction

Can economic incentives be used to affect marriage behavior and slow the growth of single-parent families? This paper provides new evidence on the effects of welfare benefit incentives on the marital decisions of poor women. Exogenous variation in welfare program parameters arises from a randomized experiment carried out in California. Whereas previous studies have measured women’s responses to...

Most work by economists has been inconclusive when seeking a consistent relationship between income-support programs (like Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)) and births to unwed women (or, as the literature traditionally terms it, illegitimacy). But a recent study (Kimenyi and Mbaku (1995)) reports a large, positive and statistically-significant relationship when data are weighted ...

Claims that states which offer generous welfare benefits attract the poor and that some states pay low benefits intending to drive the poor away are neither uncommon nor entirely unfounded. This paper employs a two player (state) generalized game to model states' choice of a benefit level in the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program. Migration by the poor in response to interst...

Aid to families with dependent children (AFDC) began with the Social Security Act, passed 50 years ago to provide what President Franklin D. Roosevelt called a “safeguard against misfortunes which cannot be wholly eliminated in this manmade world of ours. ” In creating the program, originally called aid to dependent children, the .Federal Government for the first time accepted responsibility fo...

This article reports the results of a survey of State Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) rules regarding the treatment of unrelated cohabitors in households containing AFDC units. We examine State treatment of cash and in-kind contributions by cohabitors and find that the AFDC grant is usually not affected in the cohabitor makes in-kind contributions toward food and shelter expenses...