Infective endocarditis (IE) is an endovascular infection and inflammation with vegetation formation, usually caused by infectious agents. Bacterial infection is most common for IE, but other pathogens such as fungi, richettsia, chlamydia and virus, can also cause IE [1]. The vegetations vary in size and shape and are composed of platelet and fibrin blocks with plenty of microbial and small amou...

the bicuspid aortic valve is known to be the most common congenital cardiac malformation, with an approximate incidence rate of 1-2% in the general population. most patients are unaware of the disease until the onset of infective endocarditis, which is a life-threatening complication that may affect a heart valve or other cardiac structures at the site of endothelial damage. a 22-year-old man p...

INTRODUCTION Rheumatic and congenital heart diseases account for the majority of hospital admissions for cardiac patients in India. Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common congenital heart disease with survival to adulthood. Infective endocarditis accounts for 4% of admissions to a specialized unit for adult patients with a congenital heart lesion. This report is unique in that a severe stenotic...

infective endocarditis can complicate with ischemic stroke. neurological complications develop in 20-40% of all patients with infective endocarditis. these are mainly due to vegetation embolism.this report represents a case of 30 years old female patient who presented with features of heart failure new york heart association (nyha) class iv with infective endocarditis and left hemiparesis. on e...

Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of major congenital birth defect. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of CHD with serum levels of Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) in infant and children. Materials and Methods The present study was conducted in Heshmat heart hospital and 17 Shahrivar...

Bacterial endocarditis is the infection of inner lining of heart and /or heart valves. This disease is usually related to the presence of some pathogenic bacteria in mouth, digestive system or urinary tract. Most of the times, this infection happens in people with heart problems like the presence of prosthetic valves, history of previous endocarditis, some congenital heart defects and heart tra...

background: extracardiac malformations can be seen in 20-45% of infants with congenital heart disease (chd). chromosomal abnormalities exist in 5-10% of patients with chd. the aim of this study was to assess the frequency of overt extra cardiac malformations in children with chd. methods: this descriptive epidemiologic study was conducted on 720 patients with chd referred to the pediatric cardi...

background : due to the increased prevalence of celiac disease in chromosomal anomalies and other congenital anomalies, this study was conducted to evaluate the seroprevalence of celiac disease (cd) in patients with congenital heart defects (chd). methods: this case-control study was done on 1002 children in two groups of chd patients (n=402) and controls (n=600). the serum tissue transglutamia...