retinoblastoma is a retinal malignant tumor that occurs in early childhood. the annual incidence of retinoblastoma is approximately one per 14 000 live births. 250 to 300 new cases are reported in the united states each year. it develops due to inactivation of both alleles of the retinoblastoma susceptibility (rb1) gene. all hereditary cases (55%) are with bilateral and multifocal lesions, but ...

background: ewing sarcoma family of tumors (esfts) is the second most common primary tumors of bone in childhood. the decision regarding the optimal modality for achieving local tumor control remains uncertain. the aim of this study was to report the clinical features and outcome as well as reviewing risk factors in patients. materials and methods: this retrospective study included 75 esfts pat...

We have shown previously that loss of heterozygosity at chromosome band 12pl3 is among the most frequent genetic abnormalities identified in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of childhood. Two known genes map within the critically deleted region of 12p: '/'/•'/.. the gene encoding a new member of the ETS family of transcription factors, which is rearranged in a variety of hematological malig...

We have shown previously that loss of heterozygosity at chromosome band 12p13 is among the most frequent genetic abnormalities identified in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of childhood. Two known genes map within the critically deleted region of 12p: TEL, the gene encoding a new member of the ETS family of transcription factors, which is rearranged in a variety of hematological malignancies...

We have shown previously that loss of heterozygosity at chromosome band 12pl3 is among the most frequent genetic abnormalities identified in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of childhood. Two known genes map within the critically deleted region of 12p: '/'/•'/.. the gene encoding a new member of the ETS family of transcription factors, which is rearranged in a variety of hematological malig...

UNLABELLED Wilms tumor is rare in adults. Though the approach to diagnosis and treatment of adult Wilms tumor (AWT) is closely modeled on recommendations for childhood Wilms tumor, views differ on how aggressive the treatment should be. We report a case of a 37-year-old with Stage III favorable histology AWT. A radical nephrectomy was performed and the patient was due for chemotherapy. Recent a...

Wilms’ tumor (nephroblastoma) is a malignant renal tumor that arises from abnormal proliferation of metanephric blastema without differentiation into glomeruli and tubules. It is the most common malignant kidney tumor in children and accounts for 6% of all childhood malignancies. Nephroblastoma is a very rare tumor in the adult age group. Only 3% off all Wilms’ tumors are diagnosed in age over ...

how to cite this article: schulz a, kohlschütter a. ncl disorders: frequent causes of childhood dementia. iran j child neurol. 2013 winter;7(1):1-8. abstract dementia in children or young adults is most frequently caused by neuronal ceroidlipofuscinoses (ncl), a group of incurable lysosomal storage disorders linked by the accumulation of a characteristic intracellular storage material and progr...

life traumatic experiences are major health problems in different communities. early trauma exposures such as physical and sexual abuse, and midlife traumatic events like exposing to disasters are predisposing and precipitating risk factors for many psychiatric disorders, although many people facing to trauma may not show any problematic symptoms and are quite resilient. neuropsychiatric eviden...

Intraocular medulloepithelioma of cilliary body is a nonhereditary neoplasm childhood arising from primitive medullary epithelium characterized by cords multi-layered neuroepithelial cells resembling the optic cup. It often present as loss vision, painful eye & leucocoria. Common signs include secondary glaucoma dislocated lens. About half patients undergo surgery before discovery this tumo...