The purpose of the present study is to analyze the effect of serum or chick embryo extract (CEE) on the neuronal differentiation of the mouse neural crest cells. When the crest cells were cultured in the medium containing serum at low concentration (5% calf serum), neurite outgrowth was observed. The active outgrowth was detected at 3-4 days in culture. However, in the medium supplemented with ...

In 1951 Viktor Hamburger [4] and Howard Hamilton created an embryonic staging series from a combination of photographs and drawings from other researchers. The Hamburger?Hamilton stages are a sequence of images depicting 46 chronological stages in chick [5] development. The images begin with a fertilized egg [6] and end with a fully developed chick [5]. The Hamburger-Hamilton staging series was...

Objective(s): In veterinary medicine, zeolites are used as toxin binder in animal feed, ammonia purification of aquatic pools, animal smell and moisture control. This study investigated on the risk assessment of nano zeolite on development of embryonic chicken models, anomalies, tetratogenic and embryotoxic effects. Methods: Eggs (120 = n) were accidentally di...

Protection against group B meningococcal infection was examined using the chick embryo. 12-day-old embryos were challenged intravenously with various meningococcal strains. The chick embryo has an active reticuloendothelial system but lacks functional complement. In this model we found that protection against group B infection was primarily group specific. The group B polysaccharide antibody is...

Ultraviolet light-inactivated frog virus 3 is efficiently photoreactivated by chick embryo cells. A cellular enzyme is presumably responsible for this repair of viral deoxyribonucleic acid, for the phenomenon is insensitive to an inhibitor of protein synthesis and is not seen in mammalian cells that are known to lack photoreactivating enzyme. Since frog virus 3 is a cytoplasmic virus, functiona...

An enzyme was found in the muscle layers of Ascaris lumbricoides which was similar to the protocollagen proline hydroxylase found in chick embryos and other vertebrates in that it synthesized 14C-hydroxyprolme when incubated with 14C-proline-labeled protocollagen from chick cartilage. The Ascaris enzyme was also similar in that it required atmospheric oxygen, a-ketoglutarate, iron, and ascorbat...

Serum and peripheral blood lymphocytes from 10 patients with Crohn's disease and 10 healthy subjects were examined for immunological reactivity against chick embryo cell cultures displaying cytopathic effects after inoculation with 0.2 micro filtrates prepared from Crohn's disease intestinal tissues. Although the assay systems (indirect immunofluorescence, lymphocyte transformation, and cytotox...

The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) inoculated chick embryo model was used to study the effect of host lineage on the virulence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. LD50 values were used to compare the susceptibilities of chick embryos from eight inbred chicken lines to infection by four strains of C. jejuni and one strain of C. coli. Differences in susceptibility were found between i...