Automatic reading of numeric chains has been attempted in several application areas such as bank cheque processing, postal code recognition and form processing. Such applications have been very popular in handwriting recognition research, due to the possibility to reduce considerably the manual effort involved in these tasks. In this study we propose an off line system for the recognition of th...

Apesar de os novos meios eletrônicos pagamento terem contribuído para a redução do uso cheque, o tradicional título crédito continua sendo uma opção pagamento. O cheque ainda é reconhecido como um instrumento crédito, pois não tem custo operacional comum dos cartões e pode ser endossado, viabilizando terceiros. Sua efetividade foi reconhecida reiterada pela Lei n. 14.181/2021, que acrescentou a...

Inevitably, there is a tension between the provision of services in a market society and the management of crime risks in both public and private sectors. As central media of exchange in global networks, credit, debit and charge cards can never avoid the risk of crime entirely: the primary goals of corporations are profit maximisation rather than maximum crime reduction. There will always be so...

Payments can be classified as high-value or low-value. High-value transactions are typically related to purchases and sales of financial assets, mainly foreign exchange and securities. These transactions usually involve only financial institutions, large companies or high net-worth individuals. Payment instruments are either cash or non-cash. Cash is probably the most important instrument for l...

El trabajo analiza las sentencias recaídas en un caso que la concesionaria para comercialización de automóviles una conocida marca, con cual mantenía contrato cuenta corriente mercantil, giró dos cheques pagar el saldo adeudado, más tarde fueron protestados por caducidad. La demandante ejerció acción cobro pesos, sin calificar si ejercía cambiaria del cheque o correspondiente al corriente. come...