Chemotaxis towards carbohydrates is mediated, in enteric bacteria, either by the transport-independent, methylation-dependent chemotaxis pathway or by transport and phosphorylation via the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS). This study shows that Rhodobacter sphaeroides is chemotactic to a range of carbohydrates but the response involves neither the classical me...

Chemotaxis is cell movement in the direction of a chemical and is composed of two component: movement and directionality. The directionality of eukaryotic chemotaxis is probably derived from orientation: the detection of the spacial gradient of chemoattractant over the cell length. Chemotaxis was investigated in eukaryotic Dictyostelium discoideum cells that were permeabilized by high-voltage d...

Chemotaxis is an important feature of motile organisms that allows navigation through various environments. It enables them to detect nutrients and to avoid unfavorable or dangerous conditions. Motility and chemotaxis are widely acknowledged as important virulence factors for pathogenic bacteria. In this review, we try to explore the role of chemotaxis in the pathogenesis of spirochetes. Chemot...

Escherichia coli cells use two distinct sensory circuits during chemotaxis towards carbohydrates. One circuit requires the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) and is independent of any specific chemoreceptor, whereas the other uses a chemoreceptor-dependent sensory mechanism analogous to that used during chemotaxis towards amino acids. Work on the carbohydrate chemotax...

We consider the chemotaxis problem for a one-dimensional system. To analyze the interaction of bacteria and attractant we use a modified KellerSegel model which accounts attractant absorption. To describe the system we use the chemotaxis sensitivity function, which characterizes nonuniformity of bacteria distribution. In particular, we investigate how the chemotaxis sensitivity function depends...

Chemotaxis refers to the unidirectional movement of a cell in response to a chemical gradient. Leucocytes move from a low to a high concentration of chemoattractant. In the absence of a gradient, chemotactic factors increase the random motion of leucocytes. This has been termed chemokinesis. The directed migration, or chemotaxis, of immune cells is an essential feature of the immune system. It ...

Although the neutrophil recruitment cascade during inflammation has been well described, the molecular players that halt neutrophil chemotaxis remain unclear. In this study, we found that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was a potent stop signal for chemotactic neutrophil migration. Treatment with an antagonist of the ATP receptor (P2X1) in primary human neutrophils or knockout of the P2X1 receptor in ...

Caenorhabditis elegans shows chemotaxis to various odorants and water-soluble chemoattractants such as NaCl. Previous studies described the pirouette mechanism for chemotaxis, in which C. elegans quickly changes the direction of locomotion by using a set of stereotyped behaviors, a pirouette, in response to a decrease in the concentration of the chemical. Here, we report the discovery of a seco...

Chemotaxis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa RM46 has been studied, and conditions required for chemotaxis have been defined, by using the Adler capillary assay technique. Several amino acids, organic acids, and glucose were shown to be attractants of varying effectiveness for this organism. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was absolutely required for chemotaxis, and magnesium was also necessary for a m...