The World Health Organization recommends countries to create a public health system that can respond to the deliberate release of chemical warfare agents (CWAs). Procedures for preparedness, response, decontamination protocols and medical countermeasures against CWA attacks are described. Known CWAs, including their properties and pharmacological consequences upon exposure, are tabulated and di...

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Hydrogen-bond acidic polymers are important high affinity materials sensitive to organophosphates in the chemical warfare agent sensor detection process. Interactions between the sensor sensitive materials and chemical warfare agent simulants were studied by inverse gas chromatography. Hydrogen bonded acidic polymers, i.e., BSP3, were prepared for micro-packed columns to examine the interaction...

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we modeled solvation and diffusion in aqueous solutions of organophosphorous compounds, including nerve G-agents sarin and soman (methylphosphonofluoridates) and their common simulants DMMP (dimethyl methylphosphonate) and DIFP (diisopropyl fluorophosphate). The aqueous solutions of the organophosphorous compounds were found to display complex molecular sca...

Novichok-like or fourth-generation agents (FGAs) are chemical warfare (CWAs) which have been gaining attention since their use in assassination attempts on Sergei Skripal and Alexei Navalny. Due to physicochemical properties, these substances difficult detect by implemented technologies, resulting massive response efforts if occurrence is suspected a civilian environment. In this work, an appro...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has developed a categorical logistic regression approach for regressing ordered response categories on one or more factors due to toxicant exposures. This approach can also be used in analyzing chemical warfare agent toxicity. Towards this end, three previous mammalian studies (involving acute inhalation exposures to G-type nerve agents) were reviewed an...