To evaluate the impact of hazardous chemicals in solid wastes on man and other organisms, it is necessary to have information about amounts of chemical present, extent of exposure, and chemical toxicity. This paper addresses the question of organism exposure by considering the major physical and biological transport pathways and the physicochemical and biochemical transformations that may occur...

Mixed radioactive and chemical wastes stored in tanks across the DOE complex generate hydrogen, ammonia, nitrous oxide, and nitrogen by a complex series of radiolytic and thermolytic reactions. Flammable conditions may result when these gases accumulate in the dome space of the waste tanks. A phenomenological model was developed that successfully predicts gas generation rates for many of Hanfor...

cellulose wastes of a wood and paper factory were used to produce activated carbon. several chemical agents under various conditions were used for production of activated carbon and hence their adsorption properties have been evaluated. in addition the effect of process parameters such as raw material, chemical agent concentration, impregnation ratio, carbonization temperature, carbonization ti...

Aim: The element boron, discovered in 1808, has many properties and can be used glass, detergent, pharmaceutical, chemical industry, fire retardant production, agriculture, ceramic metallurgy, energy storage, water treatment, pigment dryer, car interior airbags, hydraulic brake. It draws attention with its diversity of usage areas. During the production processing boron mineral, waste product i...

In order to quantify the sources of chemical pollutants in the leachate from reclaimed wastes, chemical substances in 11 different types of industrial wastes were identified. Their elution behaviors were also investigated. Alkanes (5.3-890 ng g(-1)), benzenes (8.1-110 ng g(-1)), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (3.2-560 ng g(-1)), alcohols, steroids, phenol (7.1 ng g(-1)), ketones, furans (190-...

The present paper discusses sintered glass–ceramics with attractive appearance, which are obtained by vitrification of hazardous industrial wastes. The chemical durability of parent wastes and resulting glasses was characterised by toxic characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP). The crystallisation behaviour was evaluated by DTA and XRD, while the structure of materials was observed by optical...