In this research foliar anatomy of seven species of Avena are studied under the light microscope and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). This study includes seven species, namely, A. barbata, A. clauda, A. eriantha, A. fatua, A. ludoviciana, A. sativa and A. wiestii. Different anatomical characters sush as number of bulliform cells, mesophyll thickness, midrib, number of vascular bundles fr...

A total of 200 threadfin bream Nemipterus japonicus was collected from Chennai in the east coast and Kochi in the west coast during January to February 2013 and studied for their morphometric and meristic characters. In total, 21 characters were analyzed out of which 3 characters namely dorsal, ventral and anal fins were not considered since they were unaltered. The findings indicate that 91% o...

To automatically recognize the handwritten Hindi character is a very tricky task. Because these characters are written in unlike sizes, dimension, orientation, thickness and format. The Hindi Language is one of the complex language which having compound characters. Compound characters are the combination of one or more characters to make complex characters. Thus the structure of these is comple...

This paper introduces a method for simulating the origin of Japanese Hiragana characters from their corresponding Chinese characters. By demolishing the Chinese characters, i.e., connecting some of their strokes with straight lines and deforming them, the square style Chinese characters are first transformed into their cursive writing style ones. Then, B-spline morphing is used to simulate the ...

This paper addresses the automatic generation of a typographic font from a subset of characters. Specifically, we use a subset of a typographic font to extrapolate additional characters. Consequently, we obtain a complete font containing a number of characters sufficient for daily use. The automated generation of Japanese fonts is in high demand because a Japanese font requires over 1,000 chara...

Chinese characters are logograms each of which corresponds to one or only a few ideas. To express many ideas, many characters have to be used. Thus, in order to distinguish different characters, great complexity of form is necessary. If Chinese characters had evolved so as to maximize efficiency in conveying ideas, character complexity would depend on the necessary number of characters. Therefo...

The Vernam system enciphered the message text by adding to it, character by character, a set of obscuring characters thus producing the enciphered characters which were transmitted to the intended recipient. The simplicity of Vernam's system was that if the obscuring characters were added in a rather special way (known as Modulo 2 addition) then exactly the same obscuring characters added in th...

Ranunculus L. with about 600 species is the largest genus in the Ranunculaceae. Problems in the taxonomy of the genus are due to high variability and polymorphism among different individuals and populations of certain species. Morphological characters of nectar scale have been considered as valuable taxonomical characters in some perennial species in some groups (Praemorsa, Grumosa, Rhizomatosa...