Monoclonal antibodies against cholera toxin were produced to obtain highly specific antisera to cholera toxin. Fifteen hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies specific for the determinants of cholera toxin were derived from the fusion of mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells from mice immunized with cholera toxin. The cell lines were stabilized, examined for specific antibody produc...

We report a novel approach for specific in vivo inactivation of the ErbB-2 receptor tyrosine kinase and suppression of ErbB-2-induced transformation. Genes encoding single chain antibodies that specifically bind to the extracellular domain of human ErbB-2 were constructed and expressed intracellularly in NIH/3T3 fibroblasts transformed by activated ErbB-2. The single chain antibodies are derive...

Bispecific antibodies are emerging as novel approach for immunotherapies by combining two antigen-recognizing elements into a single construct that is able to simultaneously bind to two distinct targets. Bispecific antibodies can be applied to recruit immunological effector cells for killing of tumor cells or to simultaneously block two signaling pathways or cytokines. Subsequently, they have p...

For the expression of human intact IgG antibodies, we have constructed a set of baculovirus expression vectors designed to facilitate rapid insertion of heavy and light chain genes of Fab or scFv antibodies derived from phage display antibody libraries. By linking them to human constant or Fc regions, expression of complete human immunoglobulin molecules was achieved in insect cells by infectio...

Class II major histocompatibility complex antigens are intracellularly associated with a nonpolymorphic polypeptide referred to as the invariant chain. Before the class II heterodimer appears on the cell surface, the invariant chain dissociates but it has so far been unclear as to whether or not a proportion of the invariant chain also appears on the plasma membrane. We describe a study with th...

The therapeutic use of antibodies is restricted by the limited access of antibodies to intracellular compartments. To overcome this limitation, we developed a cell-penetrating monoclonal antibody, mAb 3E10, as an intracellular delivery vehicle for the intracellular and intranuclear delivery of antibodies constructed as bispecific single-chain Fv fragments. Because MDM2 is an important target in...

Antibody response to carbohydrate antigens is often independent of T cells and the process of affinity/specificity improvement is considered strictly dependent on the germinal centers. Antibodies induced during a T cell-independent type 2 (TI-2) response are less variable and less functionally versatile than those induced with T cell help. The antigen specificity consequences of accumulation of...

Cloned murine helper T cells, restricted to the Iab antigens of the major histocompatibility locus and specific for horse erythrocytes as a foreign antigen, produce, in cooperation with antigen and histocompatible adherent cells, soluble factors that replace the helper T cells in their action on B cells. Three types of factors can be distinguished on the basis of molecular weight: proteins havi...