BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to identify and compare the various morphological characteristics of rugae palatinae in males and females of adult Sudanese Nubians and to assess the existence of side asymmetry. Furthermore, the possibility of assigning sex utilising dimensions, shapes, and orientations was explored using logistic regression. MATERIALS AND METHODS In all, 100 maxillary ca...

W1 Thickening of small bowel folds (> 3 mm) can be caused by any process that increases the volume of fluid or cells in the submucosal or mucosal region (Table 1). The critical diagnostic observation is whether the general pattern of the thickening is regular or irregular. Regular thickening of small bowel folds, which are perpendicular to the bowel lumen and parallel to neighboring folds, is u...

The role of calcium in neurulation in rat embryos has been studied. Rat embryos at 10 X 4 days of gestation, when the cephalic neural folds have elevated but not fused, have been cultured in various media, and the effects of these media on the morphology of the cephalic neural folds have been observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Embryos cultured in serum containing EDTA or...

Currently, of the 10(6) known protein sequences, only about 10(4) structures have been solved. Based on homologies and similarities, proteins are grouped into different families in which each has a structural prototype, namely, the fold, and some share the same folds. However, the total number of folds and families, and furthermore, the distribution of folds over families in nature, are still a...

Distributions of protein families and folds in genomes are highly skewed, having a small number of prevalent superfamiles/superfolds and a large number of families/folds of a small size. Why are the distributions of protein families and folds skewed? Why are there only a limited number of protein families? Here, we employ an information theoretic approach to investigate the protein sequence-str...