A survey of entomogenous fungi was undertaken in the reserve of Wawu Mountains, Sichuan, China in July 1997. The specimens of the genus Cordyceps and other entomogenous fungi collected included C. militaris (Vuill.) Fr., C. agriota Kawam, C. nutans Pat., C. tricentri Yasuda, C. sphecocephala (K1.) Sacc., Paecilomyces cacadae (Miquel) Samson, Paecilomyces farinosus (Wize) Brown & Smith, Beauveri...

Cyrtomium falcatum is a popular ornamental fern cultivated worldwide. Native to the Korean Peninsula, Japan, and Dokdo Island in the Sea of Japan, it is the only fern present on Dokdo Island. We isolated and characterized the chloroplast (cp) genome of C. falcatum, and compared it with those of closely related species. The genes trnV-GAC and trnV-GAU were found to be present within the cp genom...

The genus Avicularia Lamarck, 1818 is revised and all species are rediagnosed. The type species, described as Aranea avicularia Linnaeus, 1758, is the oldest mygalomorph species described and its taxonomic history is extensive and confusing. Cladistic analyses using both equal and implied weights were carried out with a matrix of 46 taxa from seven theraphosid subfamilies, and 71 morphological ...

Blue oak savannas were found to be substantially more diverse at all scales from localized point diversity to the community scale, than higher elevation shrubland and coniferous forests in the southern Sierra Nevada. Also, alien plants were more diverse and represented a substantial fraction of the understory flora in these blue oak savannas, comprising threefourths of the species at the smalle...

When preschoolers count to check their arithmetic predictions, their counts are better than when they simply count a set of items on count-only tasks. This is so even for 2 1/2and 3-year-olds dealing with small values. Such results lend support to the view that learning about verbal counting benefits from a nonverbal count-arithmetic system and challenge theories that place understanding of ver...

Stellaria media (Linn.) Villars is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used for over 200 years, mainly for the treatment of dermatitis and other skin diseases. It has also been used as an anti-viral agent. All the fresh chickweed juice samples used in this study were prepared using macroporous resin and ultrafiltration technology. The anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity of S. media w...

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth, visual quality, and stress response of 17 species of bedding plants andKentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensisL.) grown outdoors for 10 weeks during the summer of 2003 at three locations in Colorado. Plants were irrigated at 100% of the reference evapotranspiration (ET0) (amount required to maintain Kentucky bluegrass in an optimum condition) for 2 wee...

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is being evaluated as a crop platform for the production of bio-industrial and nutraceutical products. An important consideration for the release of any novel trait is the potential for gene fl ow to wild or weedy relatives and the impact it may have on their populations. The potential for gene introgression from transgenic fl ax to wild relatives, the occurrence, ...

Rising human activity in the Arctic, combined with a warming climate, increases probability of introduction and establishment alien plant species. While settlements are known hotspots for persistent populations, little is about colonization particularly susceptible natural habitats. Systematic monitoring lacking available survey methods vary greatly. Here, we present most comprehensive vascular...