Halophilic archaeon Halolamina pelagica CDK2, showcasing plant growth-promoting properties and endurance towards harsh environmental conditions (high salinity, heavy metals, high temperature UV radiation) was sequenced earlier. Pan-genome of genus created investigated for strain-specific genes which might confer it with features helping to withstand abiotic stress. Pathways subsystems in CDK2 w...

The cell division cycle is a fundamental and highly complex process that lies at the core of every proliferating cell. Progression of the eukaryotic cell through four phases — G1, S, G2 and M — ensures that genetic information is first faithfully replicated (during S phase) and then equally distributed to two daughter cells (during M phase). The function of G1 and G2 is to prepare the cell for ...

Using an in vitro chromatin assembly assay in Xenopus egg extract, we show that cyclin E binds specifically and saturably to chromatin in three phases. In the first phase, the origin recognition complex and Cdc6 prereplication proteins, but not the minichromosome maintenance complex, are necessary and biochemically sufficient for ATP-dependent binding of cyclin E--Cdk2 to DNA. We find that cycl...

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is a crucial regulator of the eukaryotic cell cycle. However it is well established that monomeric CDK2 lacks regulatory activity, which needs to be aroused by its positive regulators, cyclins E and A, or be phosphorylated on the catalytic segment. Interestingly, these activation steps bring some dynamic changes on the 3D-structure of the kinase, especially the ...

DNA polymerase alpha-primase is known to be phosphorylated in human and yeast cells in a cell cycle-dependent manner on the p180 and p68 subunits. Here we show that phosphorylation of purified human DNA polymerase alpha-primase by purified cyclin A/cdk2 in vitro reduced its ability to initiate simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication in vitro, while phosphorylation by cyclin E/cdk2 stimulated its...

The meiotic progression of Xenopus oocytes has been suggested to depend on the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2). We examined whether Cdk2 is involved in the regulation of mammalian oocyte meiosis by injecting porcine oocytes with anti-Cdk2 antibody. At first, the cross-reactivity of the anti-Cdk2 antibody with Cdc2 kinase was evaluated by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting exper...

When suspended in methylcellulose, primary mouse keratinocytes cease proliferation and differentiate. Suspension also reduces the activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase cdk2, an important cell cycle regulatory enzyme. To determine how suspension modulates these events, we examined its effects on wild-type keratinocytes and keratinocytes nullizygous for the cdk2 inhibitor p21(Cip1). After suspe...

E2F1 is a key regulator that links cell cycle progression and cell death. E2F1 activity is controlled by Cdk2-cyclin complexes via several mechanisms, such as phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRb) to release E2F1, direct phosphorylation, and stable physical interaction. We have demonstrated that cisplatin cytotoxicity depends on Cdk2 activity, and Cdk2 inhibition protects kidney cells...

BACKGROUND In vitro, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is an intracellular convergence point of multiple stimuli, which affect the cell cycle. However, the role of ERK in cell cycle regulation in vivo is unknown. METHODS To address this issue, ERK activity was blocked both in vitro in mesangial cells (MC) and in vivo in experimental glomerulonephritis (GN) by a pharmacological i...

Cyclin E is necessary and rate limiting for the passage of mammalian cells through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Control of cell cycle progression by cyclin E involves cdk2 kinase, which requires cyclin E for catalytic activity. Expression of cyclin E/cdk2 leads to an activation of cyclin A gene expression, as monitored by reporter gene constructs derived from the human cyclin A promoter. Pro...