From 1982 to 1985 the 19S IgM-Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption (19S-IgM-FTA-ABS) test gave a positive result in 19 children. These 19 children plus one dizygotic twin sister were evaluated. Seventeen children were diagnosed as having congenital syphilis and treated. Clinical evidence was seen in 10 children, CSF abnormalities in seven, radiological abnormalities in eight. Of the 17 ch...

In this study the decontamination procedures of laryngoscopes in Dutch hospitals are described, based on a structured telephone questionnaire. There were substantial differences between decontamination procedures in Dutch hospitals and the standards of the APIC (Association of Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology), CDC (Centers of Disease Control) and ASA (American Society of Ane...

Guidelines for the use of nucleic acid amplification (NAA) tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) were published in 1996 and updated in 2000. Since then, NAA testing has become a routine procedure in many settings because NAA tests can reliably detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria in specimens 1 or more weeks earlier than culture. Earlier laboratory confirmation of TB can lead to ea...

More than 800 blood cell and bone marrow transplants are performed annually in Canada to treat fatal cancers and rare blood disorders. Central vascular access is fundamental in blood and marrow transplant nursing to facilitate chemotherapy and blood product infusions. A tunnelled Central Venous Catheter (CVC) is the vascular access device-of-choice in the cell and marrow transplant population. ...

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently published updated guidelines that provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Patient education is the first important step in reducing the number of persons who engage in risky sexual behaviors. Information on STD prevention should be individualized on the basis of the patient's s...

BACKGROUND An external evaluation was conducted to assess the performance of the national HIV sentinel surveillance system (HSS), identify operational challenges at national and local levels and provide recommendations for improvement. METHODS The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Updated Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems were followed...

lic Health Service and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2002;51(RR-8):1-46. 7. Benson CA, Kaplan JE, Masur H, Pau A, Holmes KK; CDC; National Institutes of Health; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Treating opportunistic infections among HIV-infected adults and adolescents: recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Associ...

Background: Intravenous catheterization is a routine technique in medical centers which can cause diverse problems such as thrombophlebitis. Objective: This study aimed to resolve replacement scheduling and proper cannula diameter and position issues for intravenous catheters. Methods: In this 2015 experimental cohort study, 232 hos...

The CDC reported the results of two surveys of US hospitals conducted in 1992 and 1996 to determine the degree of implementation of the “CDC Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis at US Hospitals.” The 1992 survey included all public (city, county, Veterans’ Administration), and primary medical school-affiliated US hospitals (n=632) and a 20% random sample of a...

According to CDC guidelines prevent spreading of SARS-CoV2 virus one should take extra precaution protect first line defense mucus secreting organs, such as, nose, mouth, and eyes. Once a person gets infection eyes become source infection. The eye its tear drainage apparatus can track the SARS-CoV-2 from into respiratory tract patient.