54 AI MAGAZINE Observations of human reasoning motivate AI research on transfer learning (TL) and case-based reasoning (CBR). Our ability to transfer knowledge and expertise from understood domains to novel ones has been thoroughly documented in psychology and education (for example, Thorndike and Woodworth 1901; Perkins and Salomon 1994; Bransford, Brown, and Cocking 2000), among other discipl...

The eukaryotic microsomal cytochrome P450 systems consist of a cytochrome P450 enzyme (P450) and a cytochrome P450 redox partner, which generally is a cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) that supplies electrons from NADPH. However, alternative electron donors may exist such as cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 (CBR and CYB5, respectively) via, which is NADH-dependent and are also anchored t...

PURPOSE Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) must prove that it is making a significant difference for people with disabilities in low- and middle-income countries. Yet, evaluation is not a common practice and the evidence for its effectiveness is fragmented and largely insufficient. The objective of this article was to review the literature on best practices in program evaluation in CBR in rel...

Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is a problem-solving paradigm that solves a new problem by remembering a previous similar situation and by reusing the information and knowledge of that situation. A Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) tool is software that can be used to develop several applications that require case-based reasoning methodology. CBR is based on the intuition that information gained from previ...

BACKGROUND There are no community services for the majority of the estimated 10 million persons with schizophrenia in India. Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is a model of care which has been widely used for physical disabilities in resource-poor settings. AIMS To compare CBR with out-patient care (OPC) for schizophrenia in a resource-poor setting in India. METHOD A longitudinal study o...

Whole body heat stress (WBH) results in numerous cardiovascular alterations that ultimately reduce orthostatic tolerance. While impaired carotid baroreflex (CBR) function during WBH has been reported as a potential reason for this decrement, study design considerations may limit interpretation of previous findings. We sought to test the hypothesis that CBR function is unaltered during WBH. CBR ...

Carbonyl reductase (CBR) catalyzes the reduction of daunorubicin (DN) to its corresponding alcohol, daunorubicinol (DNOL), and changes the pharmacological properties of this cancer chemotherapeutic drug. The DN reductase associated with CBR reduces the C13 methyl ketone group and does not metabolize the quinone ring of DN. Reports comparing DN and DNOL toxicity have resulted in various conclusi...

In this paper, we develop a simple model for the end-to-end analysis of packet inter-arrival times of CBR flows in differentiated services networks. Our model illustrates that at high network utilization levels: (1) the packet inter-arrival times of CBR flows becomes heavy-tailed once the flows traverse through a large number of hops, and (2) the aggregate of such CBR flows is self-similar, lon...

In this study, CBR PLUS was used on gravel roads to reduce erosion and consequently maintenance costs of forest road network. Nano-polymer CBR PLUS with weight percentages of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00% in water were added to the surfacing materials of a forest road in Nekachoob Company of Iran. A comparative soil chemical and mechanical test for untreated and treated soil was carried out to obs...