OBJECTIVE To establish relationship between obesity and hypothyroidism and to analyze the frequency the frequency of primary hypothyroidism in obese patients and frequency of obesity in primary hypothyroidism patients. METHODS We conducted this retrospective, observational study in the Department of Endocrinology and Obesity Clinic, Medwin Hospital, Hyderabad, India in Mar 2008. In the last 1...

Operational-risk quantification has recently become important owing to the new Basel II regulations. Current methods based on observation of losses and their magnitudes to quantify operational risk do not preserve the cause-toeffect relationship that shows how operational risk can be reduced, managed, and controlled. We introduce a cause-to-effect operational-risk modeling methodology that enab...

Porphyrias are hereditary disorders related to impaired biosynthesis of heme and characterized by multisystemic manifestations. Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is the most common acute subtype of the disease, and often associated with psychiatric symptoms. We here report a patient who developed acute flaccid paralysis after remarkable weight loss, which was related to an eating disorder (ano...

We propose a framework for general-purpose imitation learning centered on cause-effect reasoning. Our approach infers a hierarchical representation of a demonstrator’s intentions, which can explain why they acted as they did. This enables rapid generalization of the observed actions to new situations. We employ a novel causal inference algorithm with formal guarantees and connections to automat...

Cause & Effect (C&E) analysis for process plants is one of the tasks associated with Process Control Engineering (PCE). With the availability of electronic Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs), a Computer-Aided tool is developed to carry out the analysis automatically by encoding knowledge related to PCE in rules so that they can be applied to a given set of P&IDs to produce the correspo...

For thousands of years, the law of cause and effect guided scientific inquiry. In fact, the history of the concept of causality can be traced through Hebrew, Babylonian, Greek and European cultures. Certain Greek philosophers, however, introduced the atomistic concept of chance-events to oppose the common-sense application of causality. The resulting conflict between cause versus chance has not...