The use of natural plants products that reduce mosquito population can provide many associated benefits that limit pesticides environmental impact due to shorter latency and may be useful in preventing development of resistance. The larval mortality was observed at 24hrs and 48hrs of time exposure. LC50 value was calculated. Microscopic slides were prepared from live larvae and microscopic phot...

The grass sharpshooter, Draeculacephala minerva Ball (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is a very common and often abundant grass-feeding leafhopper in California. Its population dynamics and ability to transmit Xylella fastidiosa were monitored over a 2-yr period in California's San Joaquin Valley. Collections of individuals from natural populations in irrigated pastures and alfalfa, Medicago savita L...

Catharanthus roseus L. is a medicinal plant that produces numerous indole terpenoid alkaloids, including vincristine and vinblastine, which are used for cancer treatment. The effect of specified precursors (L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine) elicitors (chitosan, methyl jasmonate) on C. hairy roots (CHR) growth has been examined in order to increase the content vinblastine. Our results showed CHR gene...

In the present study two phytocystatins (thiol protease inhibitors) have been isolated and purified to homogeneity form Catharanthus roseus by a simple two step procedure using ammonium sulphate fractionation and gelfiltration chromatography on Sephacryl100HR.The two inhibitors were named as CRCI and CRCII (Catharanthus roseus cystatin I and II). CRCI and CRCII were purified with a fold purific...

Jasmonic acid is an important signaling molecule in plants that regulates a wide variety of cellular responses including the responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. The external application of jasmonic acid has been shown to increase the accumulation of the monomeric terpenoid indole alkaloids, TIAs, in Catharanthus roseus seedlings and hairy root cultures (1-3). Jasmonic acid regulates the e...

A rapid and simple reversed phase liquid chromatographic system has been developed for simultaneous analysis of terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) and their precursors. This method allowed separation of 11 compounds consisting of eight TIAs (ajmalicine, serpentine, catharanthine, vindoline, vindolinine, vincristine, vinblastine, and anhydrovinblastine) and three related precursors i.e., tryptoph...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate numerous crucial biological processes in plants. However, information is limited on their involvement in the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites in plants, including Catharanthus roseus that produces a number of pharmaceutically valuable, bioactive terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs). Using small RNA-sequencing, we identified 181 conserved and 173 novel miRNAs (cro...