A cross-sectional quantitative study of cutaneous bacterial and yeast flora at seven body sites in 99 human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive and 50 seronegative military personnel was performed. Statistically significant differences in carriage rates were only observed for Staphylococcus aureus on the foreheads of seropositive individuals. Seronegative individuals demonstrated staphylococcal...

To determine whether persons living in areas of high animal density are at increased risk for carrying livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA), we used an existing dataset of persons in the Netherlands with LA-MRSA carriage and controls who carried other types of MRSA. Results of running univariate and multivariate logistic regression models indicated that liv...

Background: Nosocomial infections are an important cause of hospital mortalities. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) carriers among medical staff are an important source of nosocomial infections. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the nasal carriers of S. aureus and antibiotic resistance in staff of Nikuee Hospital, Qom, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-s...

Salmonella Typhi asymptomatic chronic carriage represents a challenge for the diagnosis and prevention of typhoid fever in endemic areas. Such carriers are thought to be reservoirs for further spread of the disease. Gallbladder carriage has been demonstrated to be mediated by biofilm formation on gallstones and by intracellular persistence in the gallbladder epithelium of mice. In addition, bot...

BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is a common human pathogen that can colonise the respiratory tract and cause infection. Here we investigate the risk factors associated with nasopharyngeal carriage of S. aureus (including methicillin-resistant S. aureus [MRSA]) in Vietnam. METHODS Between February and June 2012, nasal and pharyngeal swabs for S. aureus culture, and demographic and socioeconom...

BACKGROUND Kingella kingae is currently recognized as a significant pathogen of the pediatric population. Nevertheless, the possibility for adults to serve as a reservoir of healthy carriers has not been studied. METHOD We conducted a monocentric transversal study on 228 healthy adults to define the carriage rate. Participants were recruited among the staff of a children's hospital, a populat...

background: streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide . several studies have explored the nasopharyngeal carriage of s. pneumonia in iran. this meta-analysis is aimed at exploring the overall prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage of s. pneumoniae among healthy children and its resistance to antibiotics. method : we have systematically reviewed publ...

The state of pneumococcal carriage-that is, pneumococcal colonization in the nasopharynx of healthy persons-represents a reservoir for the spread of pneumococci among individuals. In light of the introduction of new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, further knowledge on the dynamics of pneumococcal carriage is important. Different serotypes (strains) of pneumococcus are known to compete with eac...

Streptococcus pneumoniae pilus islet-1 (PI-1)-encoded pilus enhances in vitro adhesion to the respiratory epithelium and may contribute to pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization and transmission. The pilus subunits are regarded as potential protein vaccine candidates. In this study, we sought to determine PI-1 prevalence in carried pneumococcal isolates and explore its relationship with trans...

OBJECTIVE HIV-infected adults have high rates of pneumococcal carriage and invasive disease. We investigated the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on pneumococcal carriage in HIV-infected adults prior to infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) rollout. DESIGN Observational cohort study. METHODS We recruited HIV-infected adults newly attending a rural HIV clinic in northern Malawi b...