Botanical metabolites are increasingly realized as potential replacements to chemical insecticides. In the present study, Acacia nilotica seed essential oil and seed pod solvent extracts were tested for bioefficacy against three important types of mosquitoes. Mortality was recorded 24 h post-treatment, while smoke toxicity of adult mosquitoes was recorded at 10 min intervals for 40 min. Seed po...

The aim of the present investigation was to determine the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract from either fresh or oven dried leaves and root of unstressed or water stressed maize plants on soybean growth and its effects on rhizosphere soil treated with maize plant extract. The extracts were applied for 10h to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] as seed soaking treatment prior to sowing. The ap...

in this study, the morphological and chemical properties of carob pods and carob beans as well as the effect of different extraction, and purification methods on the physical and chemical properties of the purified gums have been investigated. in order to dehusk carob beans, boiling water as well as acidic methods were used. the endosperm powder was prepared and the effect of endosperm powder c...

The aim of this work was to study the allelopathic effect of 3 extracts viz 3%,5% and 10% prepared from leaves of GM (insect resistance) and non GM maize on physiology of succeeding crop wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The extracts prepared from GM maize significantly decreased chlorophyll a content but significantly increased chlorophyll b content as compared with untreated control. Content of c...

An efficient microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technique was employed in simultaneous extraction of luteolin and apigenin from tree peony pod. The MAE procedure was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and compared with other conventional extraction techniques of macerate extraction (ME) and heat reflux extraction (HRE). The optimal conditions of MAE were as follows: employing 7...

The effects of polysaccharide elicitors such as chitin, pectin, and dextran on the production of phenylpropanoids (phenolics and flavonoids) and naphtodianthrones (hypericin and pseudohypericin) in Hypericum perforatum shoot cultures were studied. Nonenzymatic antioxidant properties (NEAOP) and peroxidase (POD) activity were also observed in shoot extracts. The activities of phenylalanine ammon...

[1] A challenging problem in ill-posed inverse problems is incorporating prior knowledge of the solution into reconstruction techniques. This problem is particularly important in magnetospheric radio tomography where the path integrated measurements of the target region may be sparse. We present in this paper an orthogonal projection and regularization (OPR) technique that incorporates prior kn...

Prolonged, continuous rainfall is the main climatic characteristic of autumn in Southwest China, and it has been found to cause mildew outbreaks in pre-harvest soybean fields. Low temperature and humidity (LTH) stress during soybean maturation in the field promotes pre-harvest mildew, resulting in damage to different organs of soybean fruits to different extents, but relatively little informati...

Four stages of soybean pod development of four varieties of Glycine max were surveyed for esterase enzymes by starch-gel electrophoresis. Differences in esterase banding patterns occur among the four varieties investigated. Enzyme changes accompanying pod development were observed. Pod collection procedure affected the number of esterase bands visible, with collection in dry ice giving more vis...

A study to evaluate the fungitoxic and phytotoxic effects of extracts of V. amaygdalina, B. pinnatus, O. gratissimum and E. globules on the fungal pathogens inducing wilting on cowpea grown in Ago-Iwoye, South Western Nigeria. The extracts of all the botanicals used reduced Disease Infection Rate (DIR) in treated plants. Sclerotium rolfsii sacc induced wilting of between 4 and 12% on cowpea see...