Maria Sharapova (and hundreds of other elite athletes) took meldonium, a drug developed at the time of the USSR for the treatment of heart attack and stroke, though it has never been approved for use anywhere outside of the former Soviet Union. Meldonium is an inhibitor of γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase, an enzyme involved in the carnitine biosynthetic pathway. Intake results in a reduction of tis...

background: l-carnitine has been demonstrated to confer cardiac protection against ischemia reperfusion injury in animals. this study evaluates the effects of l-carnitine administration on cardiac biomarkers after coronary artery bypass graft (cabg) surgery. methods: one hundred thirty-four patients undergoing elective cabg surgery, without a history of myocardial ischemia or previous l-carniti...

Supplementation of carnitine has been shown to improve performance characteristics such as protein accretion in growing pigs. The molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are largely unknown. Based on recent results from DNA microchip analysis, we hypothesized that carnitine supplementation leads to a downregulation of genes of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). The UPS is the most i...

Effects of excess of dietary methionine (6.5 and 8.5 g kgG1 diet) and lysine (13.5 and 15.5 g kgG1 diet) on performance, blood lipid profile and litter quality of broiler chickens fed corn-soybean meal based diet with or without supplementation of L-carnitine with two levels (175 and 350 mg kgG1 diet) were investigated. Two hundred forty one day old chicks (Cobb) of mixed sex were housed in pen...

Studies in athletes have shown that carnitine supplementation may foster exercise performance. As reported in the majority of studies, an increase in maximal oxygen consumption and a lowering of the respiratory quotient indicate that dietary carnitine has the potential to stimulate lipid metabolism. Treatment with L-carnitine also has been shown to induce a significant postexercise decrease in ...

Objective: The use of non-enzymatic antioxidants in food supplements and proper exercise can have a positive effect on decreasing oxidative stress by free radical hunting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training and L-carnitine supplementation on some of the oxidative stress factors in the liver of diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental s...

Given its pivotal role in fatty acid oxidation and energy metabolism, l-carnitine has been investigated as ergogenic aid for enhancing exercise capacity in the healthy athletic population. Early research indicates its beneficial effects on acute physical performance, such as increased maximum oxygen consumption and higher power output. Later studies point to the positive impact of dietary suppl...