OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to determine whether mango saponin (MS) could be used as a feed additive in broiler chicks by evaluating growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and plasma biochemical indices. METHODS A total of 216 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were randomly assigned into three dietary treatments supplemented with 0 (control), 0.1...

Increased dietary protein intake rapidly (3 h) decreases malic enzyme and increases hepatic histidase mRNA expression. Experiments were conducted to determine the role that individual dispensable amino acids and nonprotein N sources might have in regulating the activity of these enzymes and to determine if the addition of a N supplement to a practical broiler diet during the entire rearing peri...

The effects of carnitine were evaluated in diets fed to hybrid striped bass. The basal diet contained 34.6% crude protein supplied by casein, gelatin and crystalline L-amino acids and 6.0% lipid supplied by menhaden oil. Four dietary treatments contained L-carnitine concentrations of either 2.1, 41.0, 212.0 or 369.7 mgrkg diet. Dietary treatments were fed to apparent satiation twice daily to tr...

Broiler chicks were fed a diet containing 4% of either corn oil or fish oil from 3 to 14 d of age. From Days 15 to 23, half of the chicks in each dietary treatment were fed Lofrin (an experimental 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor) at 33 micrograms/kg feed. The remaining chicks within each dietary treatment were the untreated controls. At 24 d of age, half of the chicks within each diet-Lofrin treatment...

Supplementation of carnitine has been shown to improve performance characteristics such as protein accretion in growing pigs. The molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are largely unknown. Based on recent results from DNA microchip analysis, we hypothesized that carnitine supplementation leads to a downregulation of genes of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). The UPS is the most i...

Three experiments were conducted with broiler chicks that were divergently selected for low or high incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia (LTD and HTD, respectively) to determine if the expression of intestinal calbindin-28 kD mRNA and protein differed between the 2 strains. In addition, levels of intestinal vitamin D receptor mRNA and plasma thyroid hormone concentrations were also examined. In...

We showed previously that Met deficiency at 0.25% of the diet causes elevations in plasma triiodothyronine (T3) in broilers. In the present study, plasma levels of thyroid hormones as well as insulin-like growth factors (IGF)-I and -II were measured in chicks fed 3 deficient levels of total Met. Control (0.5%) and Met-deficient diets (0.4, 0.3, and 0.2%) were fed to male broilers from 8 to 22 d...

Two 21-d experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of low phytate barley (LPB) on Zn utilization by young broiler chicks and to determine the contribution of endogenous phytase, present in LPB. In the first experiment, ninety-six 1-d-old male chicks were assigned to a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments (4 pens of 4 chicks/treatment). Factors were barley type [wild-type barley (W...

An experiment was conducted to determine the digestible amino acids requirements of broilers based on different ideal amino acid ratios for male and female broiler chicks during finisher period. Experimental period began at day 29 and lasted in 42 d of age. A total of 720 male and female broiler chicks were equally distributed to 12 dietary treatments with 15 birds per pen and 4 pens per treatm...

Malonyl-CoA significantly increased the Km for L-carnitine of overt carnitine palmitoyltransferase in liver mitochondria from fed rats. This effect was observed when the molar palmitoyl-CoA/albumin concentration ratio was low (0.125-1.0), but not when it was higher (2.0). In the absence of malonyl-CoA, the Km for L-carnitine increased with increasing palmitoyl-CoA/albumin ratios. Malonyl-CoA di...