ABSTRACT Cyanamide (NH2CN) and its isomer, carbodiimide (HNCNH), may form adenine in the interstellar medium (ISM) via a series of reactions. Therefore, they are considered key prebiotic molecules study origin life. We used three-phase NAUTILUS chemical code, which includes gas, dust surface, icy mantle, to investigate formation destruction cyanamide carbodiimide. added over 200 new reactions t...

The use of “fuel” compounds to drive chemical systems out equilibrium is currently interest because the potential for temporally controlled, responsive behavior. We have recently shown that transiently formed crown ethers exhibit counterintuitive templation effects when generated in presence alkali metal cations: “matched” cations, such as K+ with an 18-crown-6 analogue, suppress formation macr...

The results of a theoretical study of the one-, two- and three-water hydrolyses of carbodiimide and the one- and two-water hydrolyses of methyleneimine are presented. All structures were optimized and characterized at the MP2(full)/6-31G* level of theory. Energies for the one-water hydrolysis of carbodiimide were determined at numerous higher levels of theory, up to the QCISD(T)(fc)/6-311+G(3df...

INSTRUCTIONS The following case study, “Rheumatoid Arthritis: Diagnosis and New Therapeutic Options,” is accompanied by a continuing medical education (CME) evaluation that consists of 5 multiple-choice questions. After reading the case study, carefully consider each of the questions in the CME evaluation on page 76. Then, circle your selected answer to each question on the CME evaluation form ...

INSTRUCTIONS The following case study, “Minor Depression in the Elderly,” is accompanied by a continuing medical education (CME) evaluation that consists of 5 multiple-choice questions. After reading the case study, carefully consider each of the questions in the CME evaluation on page 51. Then, circle your selected answer to each question on the CME evaluation form on page 52. In order to rece...

Cross linking of high density polyethylene (HDPE) was first performed via high energy10 Mev electron beam (EB) irradiation. HDPE was also cross linked withDicumyle peroxide (DCP).The gel content of samples was determined by solvent extraction.Degree of cross linking was evaluated by hot set apparatus; as well .In order to clarify the effectof nature of cross linking, correlation of electrical p...

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are the gold standard for water desalination and have been in use over three decades. Even though RO exhibit excellent performance rejecting monovalent divalent salt ions, they do not reject small, neutral, uncharged molecules, such as urea, to a level produce potable water, especially at near-neutral pH. Due fast, uncontrolled nature of interfacial polymerization...

The maximum velocity of the reaction catalyzed by the pig heart TPN-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase depends on the basic form of an enzymatic group of pK 5.7. This pK is independent of temperature from 10-30” and increases in 20% ethanol, suggesting the ionization of a carboxyl group. The enzyme is inactivated by incubation at pH 7.0 with 1 cyclohexyl3 (2 morpholinoethyl) carbodiimide either ...