Microbial capsules are important virulence traits that mediate cell-host interactions and provide protection against host immune defense mechanisms. Cryptococcus neoformans is a yeast-like fungus that is capable of synthesizing a complex polysaccharide (PS) capsule that is required for causing disease. Microscopic visualization of capsule enlargement is difficult, because the capsule is a highl...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The patency capsule is designed to evaluate the patency of the small bowel before administration of small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) in patients at high risk of retention. The utilization of a patency capsule may be associated with a risk of symptomatic retention, but very few cases have been reported to date. The aim of our study was to describe our experience with this...

Quantum Programming Languages: An Introductory Overview. R. RÜDIGER During the first quarter of the 20th century, much research which was later to form the foundations of computer science has been laid down. Quantum theory, being the theory of physical processes at an atomic and subatomic scale, was one of the subjects that was also studied then. However, the influence of quantum concepts in th...

This volume examines collective bargaining in eight major industries: airlines, automobile manufacturing, health care, hotels and casinos, newspaper publishing, professional sports, telecommunications, and trucking. The book examines how these industries have responded to globalization, increasing management antipathy toward unions and the declining effectiveness of strikes. The authors trace t...

BACKGROUND The fibrotic capsule that surrounds silicone implants consists mainly of collagen. The FDA-approved collagenase of the bacterium clostridium histolyticum provides a reasonable treatment option. Safety and efficacy at the female breast site must be evaluated before clinical utilization. MATERIALS AND METHODS We incubated 20 samples of fibrotic capsule as well as 12 full thickness sk...

A hyaluronic acid capsule is a major virulence factor in the pathogenesis of Streptococcus pyogenes. It acts as an anti-phagocytic agent and adhesin to keratinocytes. The expression of the capsule is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level by the two-component regulatory system CovRS, in which CovR acts as a transcriptional repressor. The covRS genes are frequently mutated in many inva...

Comments are made on the method of removing the anterior capsule during the performance of extracapsular cataract operations. The difficulty of performing this manoeuvre adequately is emphasised. Observations carried out during the postoperative period by means of the slit-lamp revealed some hitherto undescribed changes in the capsule. The edge of the anterior capsule can be clearly seen and lo...

OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the risks and outcomes of capsule retention during capsule endoscopy (CE) for investigating small bowel disease. Capsule retention is the most serious complication of CE. METHODS Before CE, the gastrointestinal tract was evaluated for blockages with computerized tomography. Analysis of CE was made retrospectively. RESULTS Capsule endoscopy was used to investig...

In this study, we explore capsule networks with dynamic routing for text classification. We propose three strategies to stabilize the dynamic routing process to alleviate the disturbance of some noise capsules which may contain “background” information or have not been successfully trained. A series of experiments are conducted with capsule networks on six text classification benchmarks. Capsul...

The presence of myofibroblasts has been elucidated in neoplastic capsules of various organs. In the present article, we examine the presence of myofibroblasts in the capsule of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and discuss the origin of the myofibroblasts. Nineteen renal tumors (conventional RCC, n=17; chromophobe RCC, n=2) with evident and totally surrounded fibrous capsule were selected. Abundant my...