Fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE) is a straightforward, sensitive method for determining the presence and relative abundance of individual oligomannosyl residues in Candida mannoprotein, the major antigenic determinant located on the outer surface of the yeast cell wall. The single terminal aldehydes of oligomannosyl residues released by hydrolysis were tagged with the ch...

Haliotis rugosa Lamarck, 1822, and H. pustulata Reeve, 1846, have long been a source of confusion. Herbert (1990) suggested the synonymy of the two and designated the lectotype and type locality of H. rugosa. Examination of several hundred shells of each of the two taxa has demonstrated that the H. rugosa morphology is found only on Mauritius and Reunion, while the H. pustulata morph occurs at ...

The roles played by nonfatal secretions of adult anurans in the avoidance of predation remain unknown. The adult Wrinkled frog (Rana rugosa) has warty skin with the odorous mucus secretion that is not fatal to the snake Elaphe quadrivirgata. We fed R. rugosa or Fejervarya limnocharis, which resembles R. rugosa in appearance and has mucus secretion, to snakes and compared the snakes' responses t...

This paper studied the effect of pyridinium-based ionic liquids as cosolvents in a methanol-water solvent system on hydrolytic activity Candida rugosa lipase. These were successfully synthesized using imidazolium-based liquid synthesizing methods with certain adjustment. The lipase was analyzed 4-nitrophenol acetate (pNPA) and palmitate (pNPP) substrates. addition had no significant water solve...

The effect of organic solvent on the structure and dynamics of proteins was investigated by multiple molecular dynamics simulations (1 ns each) of Candida rugosa lipase in water and in carbon tetrachloride. The choice of solvent had only a minor structural effect. For both solvents the open and the closed conformation of the lipase were near to their experimental X-ray structures (C(alpha) rms ...

This work demonstrated the feasibility of an industrial-scale aerated static pile composting system for treating one common biowastes—soybean curd residue. The mixing ratios feedstock were optimized to achieve a carbon–nitrogen ratio and moisture level in ranges 25–35 60–70%, respectively. open-air required 6–7 months obtain mature compost. Solvita seed germination tests further confirmed matur...