Chromosome doubling of microspore-derived plants is an important factor in the practical application of microspore culture technology because breeding programs require a large number of genetically stable, homozygous doubled haploid plants with a high level of fertility. In the present paper, 29 populations of microspore-derived plantlets from cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) and brocc...

BACKGROUND Recent circumstantial evidences are suggesting that an increasing number of Iranian patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis are unresponsive to meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime®). Pistacia atlantica is native plant in Iran (central, western, and eastern regions). Gum obtained Pistacia atlantica has been reported to possess considerable in vitro antimicrobial activity. In this study, w...

Let an inductive valuation L on the family of binary tries or Patricia tries or digital search trees be defined in the following way: L(t) = L(t,) + L(t,) + R(t), where tc and t, denote the left and right subtrees of t and R depends only on the size (the number of records) 1 t 1 of t. Let LN denote L restricted to the trees of size N. In Theorem 1 we give sufficient conditions on the sequence r...

13' Class I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Brassica oleracea L . var . italica Plenck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Behavior of incompatible pollen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

The geographic and morphological parameters of the widespread Arenaria lanuginosa are explored with the conclusion that in North America the species consists of two, largely allopatric, intergrading varieties: A. l. var. saxosa of the southwestern USA and northwestern Mexico, and A. l. var. lanuginosa of southern Mexico and Central America, extending into South America, where it is widespread, ...

One of the most remarkable examples of intercontinental disjunction of the North Temperate Flora involves eastern Asia and eastern and western North America. Although there has been considerable interest in this phytogeographic pattern for over 150 years (e.g., Gray, 1859; Li, 1952; Graham, 1972; Boufford and Spongberg, 1983; Wu, 1983; Tiffney, 1985a, 1985b), relationships among taxa displaying...

Today, cycads are a small group of gymnospermous plants with a limited distribution in the (sub)tropics, but they were major constituents of Mesozoic floras. Fossil leaves sporadically found in latest Carboniferous and Permian floras have putatively been ascribed to cycads. However, their true affinity remains unclear due to the lack of anatomical evidence. Virtually all modern cycads have pinn...

Broomrapes are obligate root parasitic weeds and major constraint to many dicotyledoncrops especially in Mediterranean agricultural lands. Due to the fact that no single controlmeasure is able to control broomrapes in the field satisfactorily, integrated management isrecommended in general. The use of of trap crops or catch crops is an important strategy forcontrolling the weeds; and allelopath...