PURPOSE To develop an experimental surgical model in rats for the study of craniofacial abnormalities. METHODS Full thickness calvarial defects with 10x10-mm and 5x8-mm dimensions were created in 40 male NIS Wistar rats, body weight ranging from 320 to 420 g. The animals were equally divided into two groups. The periosteum was removed and dura mater was left intact. Animals were killed at 8 a...

PURPOSE To investigate the osseointegration properties of prototyped implants with tridimensionally interconnected pores made of the Ti6Al4V alloy and the influence of a thin calcium phosphate coating. METHODS Bilateral critical size calvarial defects were created in thirty Wistar rats and filled with coated and uncoated implants in a randomized fashion. The animals were kept for 15, 45 and 9...

Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is a neurocutaneous disorder that involves autosomal dominant transmission. Skull defects, including sphenoid dysplasia and calvarial defects, are a rare finding in patients with NF1. Spinal meningocele and sphenoid wing dysplasia have been identified in NF1 but the occurrence of meningoceles at the skull base is extremely rare. A rare instance of jugular foramen ...

Askarinam, A; Zara, JN; James, AW; Yuan, W; Chiang, M; Nguyen, A; Stoker, D; Pang, S; Corselli, M;Zhang, X; Peault, B; Ting, K; +Soo, C Dental and Craniofacial Research Institute and the Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, UCLA, + 2 UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los ...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the possible paracrine effect of bone morphogeneticprotein-2 (BMP-2) at the experimental site on the adjacent control site for validating a rabbit calvarial defect model as a means of verifying the effect of BMP-2. METHODS Sixteen rabbits were divided into two groups (n=8 in each) according to whether or not BMP-2 would be used. Two circular defects...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to characterize the healing in the grafted calvarial defects of rats after adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy. METHODS Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight, 250-300 g) were randomly divided into two treatment groups: with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO; n=14) and without HBO (NHBO; n=14). Each group was further subdivided according to the bone...

Cranioplasty is a common, but formidable surgical procedure for neurosurgeons, in patients with scalp and / or calvarial defects. This procedure can be simple or complex. The main objectives of cranioplasty are: To achieve primary wound healing, obliterate dead space, and seal off sterile cranial areas from contaminated oronasal cavities, to restore the normal barriers protecting the intracrani...

This study evaluated the biomechanical strength and bone formation in calvarial critical size bone defects covered with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) membranes in rats treated systemically with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). A full-thickness bone defect, 5 mm in diameter, was trephined in the central part of each parietal bone in 40 one-year-old female Wistar rats, which w...

Secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP)-3 is a negative regulator of Wnt signaling in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The present study investigated the effects sFRP-3 on osteogenic differentiation by assessing osteogenic gene expression in hMSCs in vitro and by examining bone regeneration in a rat bone defect model. sFRP-3 treatment induced osteogenic differentiation in hMSCs as determi...