Introduction Hierarchical pore systems (HPSs) are defined by the different porosity levels in two or multiple length scales. HPSs can be found ubiquitously in nature and human artworks, such as the circularly systems of plants and animals, the cellular shells of diatoms, animal nerve systems, man-made architectures, and traffic systems in modern cities. HPSs are naturally or artificially design...

Nanocrystalline zeolite has received significant attention in the catalysis community. Zeolites with a crystal size smaller than 100 nm are the potential replacement for existing zeolite catalysts due to its unique features with added advantages. Zeolite FAU type Y is one of the most studied framework of all zeolites, and has been used as catalysts for number of reactions in the refinery and pe...

INTRODUCTION zeolites (clinoptilolites) are a family of alluminosilicates and cations clustered to form macro aggregates by small individual cavities. In the medical area they are involved in detoxification mechanisms capturing ions and molecules into their holes. Actually, we classify about 140 types of natural and 150 synthetic zeolites, for specific and selective use. Clinoptilolite is a nat...

Two pilot plant products containing 65 and 45% NaP1 zeolite were obtained from two Spanish coal fly ashes (Narcea and Teruel Power Station, respectively). The zeolitic product obtained showed a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 2.7 and 2.0 mequiv/g, respectively. Decontamination tests of three acid mine waters from southwestern Spain were carried out using the zeolite derived from fly ash and c...

Nitrogen in the Ammonia form can have deleterious effects in water resources. Ion Exchange by zeolite and biological Nitrification processes are two proposed methods for removing Nitrogen compounds from wastewater and effluents. The main objective of this research was to investigate the efficiency of nitrifying bacteria for regenerating Clinoptilolite zeolite. In this research, the Semnan Clino...

Fast development of the coalbed natural gas (CBNG) industry in many parts of the western U.S. has resulted in the co-production of potentially salinesodic waters, hereafter referred to as CBNG water. Management of CBNG water is a major environmental challenge because of its quantity and quality. In this study, the potential utilization of calcium (Ca)-rich natural zeolites were examined for rem...

According to the results of EPR spectroscopy associates of the complex molecules [Cu(ox)2] are formed on the external surface of the carrier by the reaction of 8-quinolinol (Hox) with highly mobile Cu(II) aqua complexes exchanged in the supercavities of fully hydrated Y zeolite. The reaction of Hox with Cu(II) exchanged zeolite Y, dehydrated in vacuo at 20 °C, 200 °C, and 400 °C, leads to segre...

Synthesis of nanoparticles of TiO2, Pt, CdS, and their binary and ternary combinations were made on zeolite Y starting frommolecular precursors that are ion exchanged into the zeolite.Nanoclusters ofTiO2 in the anatase formwere formed from titanyl ions at low loadings of Ti (1 per 2.5 supercages). CdS (hexagonal form) andmetallic Pt were formed fromCd2þ and Pt(NH3)4 2þ ion exchanged into the ze...

Two flame retarded plastics have been pyrolysed in the presence of two Zeolite catalysts to remove the organobromine compounds from the derived pyrolysis oil. The flame retarded plastics were, acrylonitrile – butadiene – styrene (ABS) that was flame retarded with tetrabromobisphenol A and high-impact-polystyrene (HIPS) that was flame retarded with decabromodiphenyl ether. The two catalysts inve...