The molecular evolution of the alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (Adh1; alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.1) locus in members of the grass family is analyzed. We report the complete DNA sequence of a genomic clone of Adh1 from Pennisetum glaucum cv. Tift 23DB (pearl millet). The gene is characterized by ten exons and nine introns. The 5' flanking region of the gene contains sequences corresponding to...

We previously isolated cDNA clones coding for the entire murine laminin B2 chain. In this report, we have screened a mouse genomic library with a 5' portion of the laminin B2 chain cDNA and isolated two genomic clones which contain the first and second exons. The transcription initiation site was determined by primer extension and S1 nuclease mapping. Exon 1 contained 641 bp (base pairs) includ...

A full-length cDNA encoding a dehydrin was cloned from the living fossil plant Ginkgo biloba by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The cDNA, designated as GbDHN, was 813 bp long containing an open reading frame of 489 bp. The deduced GbDHN protein had 163 amino acid residues, which formed a 17 kDa polypeptide with a predicted isoelectric point (pI) of 5.75. GbDHN had an S-segment and a K-...

Phytoene synthase (PSY) catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to form phytoene, the first colorless carotene in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. So it is regarded as the crucial enzyme for carotenoid production, and has unsurprisingly been involved in genetic engineering studies of carotenoid production. In this study, the psy gene from Chlorella protot...

The structure of the gene for human 70-kDa type IV collagenase (gelatinase) was determined. Three overlapping genomic clones were isolated and shown to contain 0.4 kilobase (kb) of the 5'-flanking region, the 27-kb structural gene, and 4.5 kb of the 3'-flanking region. The gene has 13 exons that vary in length from 110 to 901 base pairs (bp) and 12 introns that range from 175 to 4350 bp. Alignm...

Interleukin 16 (IL-16) is a chemotactic cytokine that binds to the CD4 receptor and affects the activation of T cells and replication of HIV. It is expressed as a large 67-kDa precursor protein (pro-IL-16) in lymphocytes, macrophages, and mast cells, as well as in airway epithelial cells from asthmatics after challenge with allergen. This pro-IL-16 is subsequently processed to the mature cytoki...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a frequent Neuro-generative mental disorder. It can persist in adulthood and be expressed as cognitive complaint. Behavioural analysis of ADHD consumes more time. This multi-informant complex procedure due to the overlaps symptomatology which cause for delay diagnosis treatment. Dur these behavioural consequences various causes, no single test ...

(O)estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha), a hormone-dependent transcription factor belonging to the steroid/thyroid-hormone-receptor superfamily, plays an essential role in the development and maintenance of the skeleton. Here we report the analysis of an unexplored sequence inside the bone-specific distal promoter F (PF) with respect to the regulation of ERalpha gene expression in bone. This seque...