The interactions of epothilone analogs with the paclitaxel binding site of microtubules were studied. The influence of chemical modifications in the C15 side chain and in C12 on binding affinity and microtubule elongation was characterized. Modifications favorable for binding affinity are (1). a thiomethyl group at C21 of the thiazole side chain, (2). a methyl group at C12 in S configuration, (...

Background Treatment of patients with pelvic adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) remains a challenge owing to the rarity of the disease, the lack of data, and the relative radioresistance of these tumors. Case reports This case series presents the results of three patients with recurrent or inoperable pelvic ACC treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plus carbon ion (C12) boost. Pati...

An ethynylhelicene oligomer [(M)-D-4]-C12-TEG with six tri(ethylene glycol) (TEG) groups at the termini was synthesized, and double-helix formation was studied using CD, UV-Vis, vapor pressure osmometry, dynamic light scattering, and H NMR. [(M)-D-4]-C12-TEG reversibly changed its structure between a double helix and a random coil in response to heating and cooling in aromatic solvents, non-aro...

A new ultra-hard rhombohedral carbon rh-C4 (or hexagonal h-C12) is reported as derived from 3R graphite through crystal chemistry construction and ground state energy within the density functional theory. An extended three-dimensional network of h-C12 formed C4 tetrahedra alike in h-C4 lonsdaleite (hexagonal diamond). The electronic band structure characteristic insulator with Egap = 4 eV simil...

A gram-scale synthesis of terminally-branched iso-fatty acids (iso-C12-C19) was developed commencing with methyl undec-10-enoate (methyl undecylenate) (for iso-C12-C14) or the C15 and C16 lactones pentadecanolide (for iso-C15-C17) and hexadecanolide (for iso-C18-C19). Central to the approaches outlined is the two-step construction of the terminal isopropyl group through addition of methylmagnes...

We examined the long-term effect of feeding coconut oil (CO; rich in lauric acid, C12) on voluntary food intake and nutrient utilisation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), with particular attention to the metabolic use (storage or oxidation) of ingested medium-chain TAG. Trout were fed for 15 weeks one of the four isoproteic diets containing fish oil (FO) or CO as fat source (FS), incorpor...

BACKGROUND Dietary supplements containing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are widely promoted for weight loss management over the counter. Recently, FDA approved the CLA as Generally Recognized as Safe category so that it can be used in various food and beverages. The combined effect of CLA isomers have been studied extensively in animals and humans, however, the role of individual isomers remai...

Vibrio fischeri, a bioluminescent marine bacterium, exists in an exclusive symbiotic relationship with the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, whose light organ it colonizes. Previously, it has been shown that the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or free lipid A of V. fischeri can trigger morphological changes in the juvenile squid's light organ that occur upon colonization. To investigate the s...