This paper develops a framework for integrating contract markets with spot markets using tradable options for capacity. Sellers and Buyers may either contract for delivery in advance (the \contracting" option) or they may sell and buy some or all of their output/input in a spot market. Contract pricing involves both a reservation fee per unit of capacity and an execution fee per unit of output ...

chitosan is a polysaccharide derived from chitin by n-deacetilation, which has the property of gel formation. the objective was to develop a chocolate milk beverage using modified (hydrogel) chitosan as a thickening agent, and to make a sensory and rheological evaluation of this beverage. in the sensory evaluation an acceptability and comparative test with 50 local consumers was carried out, wi...

the deficiency of wooden resources and rising demand of wood and paper products caused an increasing interest to the lignocellulose resources in the production of paper and wood composite production, such as bagasse. in khuzestan province for build units of wood and paper industries with the approach of using bagasse as a raw material, 6 main indicator and 35 sub-indicator were prioritization. ...

Investors in stock market are usually greedy during bull markets and scared during bear markets. The greed or fear spreads across investors quickly. This is known as the herding effect, and often leads to a fast movement of stock prices. During such market regimes, stock prices change at a super-exponential rate and are normally followed by a trend reversal that corrects the previous overreacti...

Abstract Drawing from the idea that income distribution is affected by imperfect market competition, this article examines effect of a wood cartel, where roundwood buyers illegally exchanged price information in Finland during 1997–2004. Prices before, during, and after infringement period are examined using comparator-based econometric approach with indicator variables single-equation cointegr...

Stock price predictions have been a field of study from several points of view including, among others, artificial intelligence and expert systems. For short-term predictions, the technical indicator relative strength indicator (RSI) has been published in many papers and used worldwide. CAST is presented in this paper. CAST can be seen as a set of solutions for calculating the RSI using artific...

T paper develops a framework for analyzing business-to-business (B2B) transactions and supply chain management based on integrating contract procurement markets with spot markets using capacity options and forwards. The framework is motivated by the emergence of B2B exchanges in several industrial sectors to facilitate such integrated contract and spot procurement. In the framework developed, a...

One of the main functionalities of capital market is to enhance liquidity in the market. Mutual funds are modern financial institutions which are designed with the aim of absorbing funds from investors and devote them to buy a variety of securities in order to reduce investment risks, exploit the economies of scale and finally make a reasonable return for investors. Regarding effective role of ...