Background Minimally invasive aortic valve replacement (MIAVR) was first described in 1996 as an alternative to median sternotomy for AVR. Its uptake has been sporadic in cardiac surgery units in the UK. It remains unclear and somewhat controversial whether it has superior patient outcomes over conventional sternotomy. This survey aims to explore the reason for the low uptake by consultant surg...

Family medicine is a clinical discipline. So why are so few family physicians doing clinical research? Certainly there are notable exceptions to that generalization. But if you look at our publication record as a whole, clinical descriptive research is only a small part. Yet it is an important issue, with consequences for our place in medical schools. In this editorial, I want to address this i...

OBJECTIVE Adolescents' leisure activities are increasingly focusing on Internet activities, and today, these coexist with traditional leisure activities such as sport and meeting friends. The purpose of the present study was to investigate leisure activities, particularly Internet activities, among boys and girls with ADHD, and compare these with boys and girls from the general population. The ...

We examined the relation between leisure activities and the risk of dementia in a prospective cohort of 469 subjects older than 75 years of age who resided in the community and did not have dementia at base line. We examined the frequency of participation in leisure activities at enrollment and derived cognitive-activity and physicalactivity scales in which the units of measure were activity-da...

one of the significant issues in ir is that of inter – state conflict and cooperation. various schools such as realism and liberalism have endeavored to theoretically explain it. in so doing, this article seeks to outline the views offered by a constructivist thinker, alexander wendt. he treats ir as a socially constructed discipline. this article argues that although wendt has managed to advan...