Flying and terrestrial animals should spend energy to move while supporting their weight against gravity. On the other hand, supported by buoyancy, aquatic animals can minimize the energy cost for supporting their body weight and neutral buoyancy has been considered advantageous for aquatic animals. However, some studies suggested that aquatic animals might use non-neutral buoyancy for gliding ...

Swimming at an optimal speed is critical for breath-hold divers seeking to maximize the time they can spend foraging underwater. Theoretical studies have predicted that the optimal swim speed for an animal while transiting to and from depth is independent of buoyancy, but is dependent on drag and metabolic rate. However, this prediction has never been experimentally tested. Our study assessed t...

Recent work has produced a theory for tropical convective available potential energy (CAPE) that highlights the Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) scaling of the atmosphere’s saturation deficit as a driver of increases in CAPE with warming. Here we test this so-called “zero-buoyancy” theory for CAPE by modulating the saturation deficit of cloud-resolving simulations of radiative-convective equilibrium in ...

Buoyancy is a major determinant of locomotory cost in diving animals. As seabirds have a large amount of air in their feathers and respiratory system, they should work hard against buoyancy to descend in the water column. Since buoyancy decreases with increasing hydrostatic pressure, shallow divers, especially, should work against buoyancy during both the descent and bottom phases of their dive...

The Soret–driven ferro thermoconvective instability of multi–component fluid in a porous medium heated from below and salted from above in the presence of dust particles subjected to a transverse uniform magnetic field has been analyzed using Darcy model for various values of permeability of the porous medium. The salinity effect has been contained in magnetization and density of the ferrofluid...

The steady, two dimensional flow of an incompressible micropolar fluid near the stagnation point on a vertical plate with prescribed surface heat flux is studied. The free stream velocity and the surface heat flux are assumed to be proportional to the distance from the stagnation point. Similarity transformation is employed to transform the governing partial differential equations to a set of o...

Analytical results are presented for a steady three-dimensional free convection flow in the stagnation point region over a general curved isothermal surface placed in a nanofluid. The momentum equations in x- and y-directions, energy balance equation, and nanoparticle concentration equation are reduced to a set of four fully coupled nonlinear differential equations under appropriate similarity ...

Thermosolutal convection in a square cavity filled with air and submitted to an inclined magnetic field is investigated numerically. The cavity is heated and cooled along the active walls with a mass gradient whereas the two other walls of the cavity are adiabatic and insulated. Entropy generation due to heat and mass transfer, fluid friction and magnetic effect has been determined in transient...

This communication addresses the influence of nonlinear thermal radiation on magneto hydrodynamic Maxwell fluid flow past a linearly stretching surface with heat and mass transfer. The effects of heat generation/absorption and chemical reaction are taken into account. At first, we converted the governing partial differential equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the help...