Advances in basic life science during the past decade have exponentially increased our understanding of the molecular bases of lung cancers and this improved insight has had great effects on diagnosis, prognosis, classification, and treatment of cancer. Similar to colorectal carcinoma, stepwise development of lung cancer has been proposed. For squamous neoplasm, dysplasia is considered to progr...

BACKGROUND Recent epidemiologic studies suggesting that there were differences in cancer recurrence contingent on anesthetic regimens have raised the possibility that μ-opioid agonists can influence cancer progression. Based on our previous studies indicating the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) is up-regulated in several types of non-small cell lung cancer, this study examined the functional significan...

A female patient in her sixties, who had never smoked, was found to have a 5-mm nodule in a computed tomography (CT) scan. The follow-up CT scan after 19 months showed that the nodule had grown to 26 mm. We performed a left upper lobectomy. Pathological examination revealed a combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and adenocarcinoma with components of large cell carcinoma and bron...

We studied 14 mucinous and 26 nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinomas (BACs) with thyroid transcription factor (TTF), cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK20, and villin to characterize their staining patterns with these antibodies and identify staining differences between the neoplasms. We also stained 11 mucinous colon adenocarcinomas with the same antibodies to compare their reaction patterns with m...

Explanation: As per the new pathology classification of adenocarcinomas of the lung (reference by Travis et al below) the term bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma (BAC) has been eliminated and has been replaced with “carcinoma in situ”, a pre-invasive lesion, therefore A is incorrect. Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH), another pre-invasive lesion, appears as a pure groundglass nodule without...