DNA from archival Papanicolaou stained and unstained cytological smears was successfully isolated using a simple, rapid and inexpensive salting-out procedure. The quality of DNA was controlled by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of segments of the human beta-globin, human beta-actin and human papillomavirus L1 genes. Only negligible differences in amplification efficiency were obse...

For the first time an attempt is made to derive a theoretical relationship between sea-ice strength and the controlling factors of salinity, temperature, and density. A geometric model of the ice-brine relationship is constructed from photographs and used to calculate tensile strength of warm (above 20°C) sea ice. The theoretical results compare well with experimental data. The model developed ...

It is often presumed that fine-scale surface pores and roughness in reservoir rock remain water-wet. To test this assumption, deposition tendency of asphaltenes and resins during crude oil aging of brine-filled pores was investigated. Model frameworks of water-wet silica with sub-micron pores were synthesized as planar films of thickness 5 μm. These pore networks were conditioned in brine, subm...

Ion exchange technology is currently the best for removing nitrate from drinking water. However, problems related to the disposal of spent brine from regeneration of exhausted resins must be overcome so that ion exchange can be applied more widely and economically, especially in small communities. For this purpose, a novel spent brine recycling system using combined biological denitrification a...

The reverse osmosis (RO) brine generated from the Al-Quds University wastewater treatment plant was treated using an epuvalisation system. The advanced integrated wastewater treatment plant included an activated sludge unit, two consecutive ultrafiltration (UF) membrane filters (20 kD and 100 kD cutoffs) followed by an activated carbon filter and a reverse osmosis membrane. The epuvalisation sy...

Endemic countries are increasingly adopting molecular tools for efficient typing, identification and surveillance against malaria parasites and vector mosquitoes, as an integral part of their control programs. For sustainable establishment of these accurate approaches in operations research to strengthen malaria control and elimination efforts, simple and affordable methods, with parsimonious r...

[1] Cross-borehole DC resistivity tomography has recently been used to monitor the temporal variation of the anisotropic bulk electrical resistivity of first-year Arctic sea ice during the period of spring warming. These measurements cannot be explained by standard models of sea ice microstructure which treat the brine phase as isolated ellipsoidal pores. A simple structural model which does sa...

Frozen seawater is a composite material with a sponge-like structure. The framework of the structure is composed of pure ice, and within the pores exists a concentrated seawater brine. When the temperature is reduced, the volume of this residual brine decreases, while its salinity increases. As a result of the paired changes to temperature and salinity, the brine eventually becomes supersaturat...

This study explored the bacterial diversity of brines used for cheesemaking in Italy, as well as their physicochemical characteristics. In this context, 19 brines used to salt soft, semi-hard, and hard Italian cheeses were collected in 14 commercial cheese plants and analyzed using a culture-independent amplicon sequencing approach in order to describe their bacterial microbiota. Large NaCl con...

the effect of salting by different salt composition on fatty acid profile studied in hot smoked black and caspian sea sprat, clupeonella cultriventris. after initial prepare activities, samples were exposed to brining process within two salt concentrations including of 100 % nacl (treatment 1 or t1) and 75 % nacl- 25 % kcl (treatment 2 or t2) under 15% brine solution for 3 hrs. the smoking proc...