For the first time, charge symmetry breaking terms in parton distribution functions have been included in a global fit to high energy data. We review the results obtained for both valence and sea quark charge symmetry violation, and we compare these results with the most stringent experimental upper limits on charge symmetry violation for parton distribution functions, and with theoretical esti...

It is shown that most of the unusual properties of the lowest lying scalar (and pseudoscalar) mesons can be understood, at the qualitative and quantitative level, on the basis of the breakdown of the UA(1) symmetry coupled to the vacuum expectation values of scalars by the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry.

This paper considers matrix models, a class of CSPs which generally exhibit significant symmetries. It proposed the idea of LexLeader feasibility checkers that verify, during search, whether the current partial assignment can be extended into a canonical solution. The feasibility checkers are based on a novel result by [Katsirelos et al., 2010] on how to check efficiently whether a solution is ...

We discuss the possibility of the spontaneous symmetry breaking characterized by order parameters with higher dimensionful composite fields. By analyzing general Ginzburg-Landau potential for a complex scalar field φ = φ1 +iφ2 with O(2) symmetry, we demonstrate that a phase characterized by 〈φ21 − φ 2 2〉 6 = 0 with 〈φ1〉 = 〈φ2〉 = 0 is realized in a certain parameter region. To clarify the drivin...

A brief overview is given of the theory of Higgs bosons and electroweak symmetry breaking that is relevant for the Higgs physics program at the Linear Collider. Invited talk at the International Conference on Linear Colliders LCWS-04 19–23 April 2004, Paris, France HIGGS THEORY—A BRIEF OVERVIEW ∗

The masses of baryons and heavy quark baryons are studied analytically in an expansion in 1/Nc, SU (3) flavor symmetry breaking, and heavy-quark symmetry breaking. The measured baryon masses are in striking agreement with the 1/Nc hierarchy.

We discuss O’Raifeartaigh models with general R-charge assignments, introduced by Shih to break R-symmetry spontaneously. We argue that most of these models have runaway directions related to the R-symmetry. In addition, we study the simplest model with a U(N) global symmetry and show that in a range of parameters Rsymmetry is spontaneously broken in a metastable vacuum.

We present a test with which to evaluate the calculated isospin-symmetry-breaking corrections to superallowed 0+ → 0+ nuclear β decay. The test is based on the corrected experimental F t values being required to satisfy conservation of the vector current (CVC). When applied to six sets of published calculations, the test demonstrates quantitatively that only one set, the one based on the shell ...

I give a brief review of some of the opportunities and challenges that could arise in our quest to unravel the Higgs sector that very probably underlies electroweak symmetry breaking. In particular, I review scenarios with an extended Higgs sector that allow for a heavy SM-like Higgs boson and/or make discovery more difficult while at the same time maintaining consistency with current limits an...