Fourth branchial pouch anomalies are rare congenital disorders of the neck and are a consequence of abnormal development of the branchial apparatus during embryogenesis. Failure to appropriately recognize these anomalies may result in misdiagnosis, insufficient treatment, and continued recurrence. Here, we present an unique presentation of two cases, describe their diagnosis, clinical course, a...

An 11 years old boy came, with complain of mild dysarthria. Examination revealed marked hemiatrophy of left side of the tongue. Five months back he underwent ipsilateral branchial cyst operation. To our knowledge, no case was reported. After branchial cyst operation if there is any residual remnant chance of recurrence is very high.

Fourth branchial complex anomalies are rare and typically present in neonates or adolescents. Surgical management via open excision is the traditional approach to prevent recurrence. However, endoscopic sinus cauterization has recently been reported as a less invasive alternative. The current case report represents the first published account of a fourth branchial pouch presenting in an adult p...

The diagnosis of a parotid mass usually depends on thorough history taking and physical examination. Diagnostic modalities, including ultrasonographic examinations, computed tomography and magnetic resonance images, may also provide substantial information but their accuracy for diagnosis is sometimes questionable, especially in differentiating some rare neoplasms. First branchial cleft cysts (...

Rainbow trout were infused continuously for 24 h with epinephrine in order to elevate circulating levels to those measured during periods of acute extracellular acidosis (about 5 X 10(-8) mol l-1). Concomitant effects on branchial solute fluxes were evaluated. Epinephrine infusion caused complex and differential adjustments of Na+ and Cl- unidirectional fluxes (influx and efflux) resulting in a...

This study examined the branchial, renal and blood acid-base responses of a marine teleost to intravascular infusion of mineral acid (HCl at 1000 mu-equiv/kg). In all animals the renal response was insignificant for at least 3 days following infusion. Two types of branchial and blood acid-base response were seen. Either the infused load disappeared rapidly from the extracellular into the intrac...

irst branchial cleft anomalies account for 8--10%1,2 of all ranchial cleft defects, representing approximately 17% of ll pediatric cervical masses. The low incidence and the arious clinical presentations of these congenital malformaions of the branchial apparatus make the diagnosis difficult ven for the experimented otolaryngologist. Depending on he type of the anomaly (fistula, sinus or cyst),...