Foreshock ions are compared between Venus and Mars at energies of 0.6∼20 keV using the same ion instrument, the Ion Mass Analyser, on board both Venus Express and Mars Express. Venus Express often observes accelerated protons (2∼6 times the solar wind energy) that travel away from the Venus bow shock when the spacecraft location is magnetically connected to the bow shock. The observed ions have...

An analytic, small-deflection, simplified model of the modern violin bow is introduced to describe the bending profiles and related strengths of an initially straight, uniform cross-section, stick as a function of bow hair tension. A number of illustrative bending profiles (cambers) of the bow are considered, which demonstrate the strong dependence of the flexibility of the bow on longitudinal ...

We present a probabilistic approach to modeling violin bowing gestures, for the purpose of synthesizing violin sound from a musical score. The gesture models are based on Gaussian processes, a principled probabilistic framework. Models for bow velocity, bow-bridge distance and bow force during a stroke are learned from training data of recorded bowing motion. From the models of bow motion durin...

the development and widespread use of a prophylactic vaccine significantly reduced the incidence of poliomyelitis. at present we more commonly encounter with poliomyelitis sequelae especially in developing countries. we evaluate the results of a modified innominate osteotomy for leg length discrepancy in poliomyelitis. instead of triangular bone graft as in salter’s innominate osteotomy , a tra...

The aim of this study was to implement a supervised codebook learning methodology for optimizing the feature based Bag-of-Words(Bow) representation towards data Retrieval. Following the cluster hypothesis, that states that points within the same cluster square measure seemingly to fulfill a similar data. The Bow model are often applied to different domains furthermore, so also judge our approac...

The original bag-of-words (BoW) model in terms of image classification treats each local feature independently, and thus ignores the spatial relationships between a feature and its neighboring features, namely, the feature’s context. However, our intuition and empirical studies tell the importance of such spatial information. Although the global spatial information can be captured with the spat...

The aim of the research was to summarize a mathematical model of bow and arrow interaction in the vertical plane and to develop an appropriated computer model. A bow was modeled as a non-deformed riser and hinged to it two nondeformed limbs with Archimedean springs. Their stiffness as well, as an elasticity of a string was taken into account in a linear approach. An asymmetric bow scheme was co...

A finite element model aimed at predicting the in-plane and out-of-plane static mechanical behavior of a tightened bow is developed. It takes into account the prestress due to hair tension and the nonlinear behavior due to large displacements. An non-destructive procedure to determine the input parameters of the model from measurements on a bow is described. Numerical and experimental results a...

The crowding of wireless band has necessitated the development of multiband and wideband wireless antennas. Because of the self similar characteristics, fractal concepts have emerged as a design methodology for compact multiband antennas. A Koch-like fractal curve is proposed to transform ultra-wideband (UWB) bow-tie into so called Koch-like sided fractal bow-tie dipole. A small isosceles trian...

This paper explores the potential of near-field optical reflective sensing for musical instrument gesture capture. Near-field optical sensors are inexpensive, portable and nonintrusive, and their high spatial and temporal resolution makes them ideal for tracking the finer motions of instrumental performance. The paper discusses general optical sensor performance with detailed investigations of ...