This study used techniques in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to explore the spatial patterns of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in the whole island of Ireland over an 11-year period. This is the first time that data pertaining to TB from the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland have been collated and examined in an all-Ireland context. The analyses were based on 198, 156 point locations re...

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, continues to be a serious economic problem for the British cattle industry. The Eurasian badger (Meles meles) is partly responsible for maintenance of the disease and its transmission to cattle. Previous attempts to manage the disease by culling badgers have been hampered by social perturbation, which in some situations is associated wit...

Tuberculosis remains as the world's biggest threat. In 2014, human tuberculosis ranked as a major infectious disease by the first time, overcoming HIV death rates. Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic disease of global distribution that affects animals and can be transmitted to humans by the consumption of raw milk, representing a serious public health concern. Despite the efforts of different coun...

falsify a molecular phylogeny based on evidence from geographic or morphological evidence. However, a phylogeny reconstructing extinct relationships, which usually did not preserve molecular evidence, is difficult to falsify. When studying paleontology, constructing phylogenetic hypotheses is important, yet we are always struggling in debates over which phylogenetic cladogram is closest to the ...

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis. This disease is widely distributed throughout the world and mainly affects animals with occasional human involvement. BTB can have an impact on the national and international economy, affects the ecosystem via transmission to wildlife and is of public health concern due to its zoonotic potential. It is prim...

Sec. 457. On or before October 15, 2008, and on a quarterly basis thereafter, the department shall report to the senate and house agriculture committees, the senate and house appropriations subcommittees on agriculture, and the senate and house fiscal agencies on the department’s progress toward meeting USDA requirements as outlined in the March 2007 bovine TB program review. The report shall i...

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex includes bovine and human strains of the tuberculosis bacillus, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis and the Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine strain. M. bovis has evolved from a M. tuberculosis-like ancestor and is the ancestor of the BCG vaccine. The pathogens demonstrate distinct differences in virulence, host range and metabolism, bu...