Campylobacteriosis is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in the United States and many other developed countries. Understanding the spatial distribution of this disease and identifying high-risk areas is vital to focus resources for prevention and control measures. In addition, determining the appropriate scale for geographical analysis of surveillance data is an area of concern to ep...

Campylobacteriosis is a zoonosis that can be transmitted directly or indirectly between animals and humans leading to intestinal infections. Eating undercooked chicken, or ready-to-eat foods that have been in contact with raw chicken, is the most common source of the infection (20-30%). There are currently 25 species in the Campylobacter genus; however Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are the t...

Campylobacter jejuni infection is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of the last century. The incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis have increased in both developed and developing countries over the last 10 years. The dramatic increase in North America, Europe, and Australia is alarming, and data from parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East indicate that campylobacterios...

Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from diarrheic people, river water (Oldman River watershed), wastewater, and drinking over a 1-year period in southwestern Alberta (2008–2009). High rates of campylobacteriosis were observed during the study (≥115 cases/100 K). Infections occurred throughout year, with peaks late summer early autumn. Most infections people living Lethbridge. not municipal water...

Transcription of the E6-E7 genes of human papillomavirus type 11 (HPV-11), HPV-16 and HPV-18 is specific to epithelial cells. This mechanism originates from synergism between different transcription factors such as AP-1, NFI and Sp1, which occur in many different cell types, but whose activity is biased in favour of epithelial cells. In this study, the transcriptional regulation of 14 different...

We report the findings of a case-control study of risk factors for sporadic cases of human campylobacteriosis in Denmark. In 3 different analytical models, the main domestic risk factor identified was eating fresh, unfrozen chicken. Specifically, 28 of 74 domestically acquired case-patients were exposed to fresh chicken compared with 21 of 114 controls (multivariate matched odds ratio 5.8; 95% ...

Detailed understanding of the epidemiology of Campylobacter is increasingly facilitated through use of universal and reproducible techniques for accurate strain differentiation and subtyping. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) enables discriminatory subtyping and grouping of isolate types into genetically related clonal complexes; it also has the advantage of ease of application and repeatabilit...