In ecology, the refuge protection of prey plays a significant role in dynamics interactions between and predator. this paper, we investigate non-smooth prey–predator mathematical model characterized by density-dependent intermittent prey. The assumes population density predator as an index for to decide on when avail or discontinue protection, representing level apprehension predators. We apply...

Boundary equilibria bifurcation (BEB) arises in piecewise-smooth (PWS) systems when an equilibrium collides with a discontinuity set under parameter variation. Singularly perturbed BEB refers to arising singular perturbation problems which limit as some ? 0 PWS undergo BEB. This work completes classification for codimension-1 singularly the plane initiated by present authors [19], using combina...

The current emphasis on increasing aeronautical efficiency is leading the way to a new class of lighter more flexible airplane materials and structures, which unfortunately can result in aeroelastic instabilities. To effectively control the wings deformation and shape, appropriate modeling is necessary. Wings are often modeled as cantilever beams using finite element analysis. The drawback of t...

The Neighbor Discovery is a process by which a node identifies its neighbor nodes in its vicinity. We are particular interested in Neighbor Discovery problem in duty-cycle mobile sensor networks in this paper, where a mobile sensor needs to detect its neighbor nodes during its wake-up states. We proposed an algorithm which utilizes the boundary nodes in the communication range of the node to pr...

It is not a trivial job to maintain clusters in a highly mobile ad hoc scenario where changes in node activity status cause frequent and unpredictable topological changes. It requires continuous and efficient management protocol for frequent up-dation and re-clustering which are costly in a resource-poor environment. In this context, we describe a convenient cluster management protocol that inc...

This paper proposes an algorithm to evaluate the probability that d units of data can be sent from the source node to the sink node through a valid group of paths on a network. The conditions of transmission are such that the transmission time of each path belonging to this valid group of paths does not exceed the specified upper bound T, and that the maximal capacity of that path is not less t...

The task which includes computing of non-conflict schedule for crossbar switch node of packet commutation is NP-hard. After checking their efficiency with throughput modelling by uniform load traffic, the check for non-uniform traffic is required. In the presented paper we propose a procedure of calculating the upper boundary of throughput for crossbar packet switch node. The results of the com...

Wireless sensor networks represent a key technology enabler for enhanced health care and assisted living systems. Recent standardization efforts to ensure compatibility among sensor network systems have produced the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, which specifies the MAC and physical layer behaviour. Energy and network life time are two critical factors for WSN performance. IEEE 802.15.4 is a standard ...

This publication presents an edge–based active contour model using the inflation/deflation force, allowing active contour nodes to be moved to find object boundaries in a digital image. The methods proposed in this study make it possible to keep a high value of the inflation/deflation force for each node until the node approaches the boundary of the analysed shape. After the boundary searched f...

An upper boundary point for a demand vector is defined to be a system state vector for which the system capacity is equal to the demand vector, and an increase in its unsaturated components leads to at least one unit of increase in system capacity. System capacity of a singlecommodity stochastic-flow network is the maximum flow from the source node to the sink node of the network. Extending the...