Background—Atherosclerotic lesions are predominantly observed in curved arteries and near side branches, where low or oscillatory shear stress patterns occur, suggesting a causal connection. However, the effect of shear stress on plaque vulnerability is unknown because the lack of an appropriate in vivo model precludes cause-effect studies. Methods and Results—We developed a perivascular shear ...

In this study, the stirring mechanism of shear-thinning fluids benefiting from four blades in turbulent flow is considered. The fluid is studied inside a stirred cylindrical tank with a flat bottom. The height of fluid is equal to the cylinder’s diameter and the impeller is positioned centrally. A CFD simulation has been carried out and three-dimensional turbulent flow is numerically analyzed u...

a 5th order shear deformation theory considering transverse shear deformation effect as well as transverse normal strain deformation effect is presented for static flexure   analysis of simply supported isotropic plate. the assumed displacement field accounts for non-linear variation of in-plane displacements as well as transverse displacement through the plate thickness. the condition of zero ...

OBJECTIVE This study was designed to measure pressure and shear reduction of a novel insole design. METHODS We compared three multilayer viscoelastic insoles to a novel insole design (Glide-Soft, Xilas Medical, Inc., San Antonio, TX). The bottom pad of each insole was fabricated from firm-density Plastazote [Apex Foot Products (now Aetrex), South Hackensack, NJ] with an upper of Plastazote, e...

this paper presents a novel formulation and numerical solutions for adhesively bonded composite joints with non-linear (softening) adhesive behaviour. the presented approach has the capability of choosing arbitrary loadings and boundary conditions. in this model adherends are orthotropic laminates that obey classical lamination theory. the stacking sequences can be either symmetric or asymmetri...

using piezoelectric patches the stress concentration around a hole on a plate under tension is reduced and controlled. to attain the reduction in stress two placements for piezoelectric patches is investigated. the first location is top/bottom of the hole with compression induced strain and the second is left/right of the hole with tension induced strains to control the stress flow. the result ...

We have shown that leukocytes retract their pseudopods and detach from substrates after exposure to physiological fluid shear stresses ( approximately 1.5 dyn/cm(2)). In inflammation, however, pseudopod projection during spreading and firm adhesion on endothelium is observed even in microvessels with normal blood flow and fluid shear stresses. Thus, we examined mechanisms that may serve to regu...

I study the average deformation rate of an amorphous material submitted to an external uniform shear strain rate, in the geometry known as the split-bottom configuration. The material is described using a stochastic model of plasticity at a mesoscopic scale. A shear band is observed to start at the split point at the bottom, and widen progressively towards the surface. In a two-dimensional geom...

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, 2, with their endogenous inhibitors, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, 2 are critical for extracellular matrix remodeling in human periodontal ligament (PDL) and their expression are sensitive to mechanical stresses. Shear stress as the main type of mechanical stress in tooth movement is involved in matrix turnover. However, how shear stress regul...

abstract: the equal channel angular rolling (ecar) is one of the severe plastic deformation processes, which can develop a shear deformation into a sheet metal. in this process, internal stresses are created due to the different strain levels experienced in different locations at the same time. the incremental hole drilling method is an effective technique for the evaluation of the through-thic...